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1777

Related subjects: Years

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Decades: 1740s  1750s  1760s  – 1770s –   1780s   1790s   1800s
Years: 1774 1775 177617771778 1779 1780
1777 by topic:
Arts and Sciences
Archaeology – Architecture – Art – Literature ( Poetry) – Music – Science
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Canada – Great Britain – United States
Lists of leaders
Colonial governors – State leaders
Birth and death categories
Births – Deaths
Establishments and disestablishments categories
Establishments – Disestablishments
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Works
1777 in other calendars
Gregorian calendar 1777
MDCCLXXVII
Ab urbe condita 2530
Armenian calendar 1226
ԹՎ ՌՄԻԶ
Assyrian calendar 6527
Bahá'í calendar -67–-66
Bengali calendar 1184
Berber calendar 2727
British Regnal year 17 Geo. 3 – 18 Geo. 3
Buddhist calendar 2321
Burmese calendar 1139
Byzantine calendar 7285–7286
Chinese calendar 丙申年十一月廿二日
(4413/4473-11-22)
— to —
丁酉年十二月初二日
(4414/4474-12-2)
Coptic calendar 1493–1494
Ethiopian calendar 1769–1770
Hebrew calendar 5537–5538
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat 1833–1834
 - Shaka Samvat 1699–1700
 - Kali Yuga 4878–4879
Holocene calendar 11777
Igbo calendar
 - Ǹrí Ìgbò 777–778
Iranian calendar 1155–1156
Islamic calendar 1190–1191
Japanese calendar An'ei 6
(安永6年)
Juche calendar N/A (before 1912)
Julian calendar Gregorian minus 11 days
Korean calendar 4110
Minguo calendar 135 before ROC
民前135年
Thai solar calendar 2320


Year 1777 (MDCCLXXVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Sunday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar.

Events

January–June

  • January 2 – American Revolution – Second Battle of Trenton: George Washington's army fights the Second Battle of Trenton, New Jersey.
  • January 3 – American Revolution – Battle of Princeton: American general George Washington defeats British general Charles Cornwallis.
  • January 12 – Mission Santa Clara de Asís is founded in what is now Santa Clara, California.
  • January 15 – Vermont declares its independence from New York, becoming the Vermont Republic, an independent country, a status it retains until it joins the United States as the 14th state in 1791.
  • May 16 – Lachlan McIntosh and Button Gwinnett shoot each other during a duel near Savannah, Georgia. Gwinnett, a signer of the United States Declaration of Independence, dies 3 days later.
  • June 13 – American Revolution: The Marquis de Lafayette lands near Charleston, South Carolina to help the Continental Congress train its army.
June 14: US Flag (had various star patterns)
  • June 14 – The Stars and Stripes is adopted by the Continental Congress as the Flag of the United States.

July–December

  • August 16 – American Revolution – Battle of Bennington: British forces are defeated by American troops.
  • September 3 – American Revolution – Cooch's Bridge: In a minor skirmish in New Castle County, Delaware, the Flag of the United States was flown in battle for the first time.
  • September 11 – American Revolution – Battle of Brandywine: The British gain a major victory in Chester County, Pennsylvania.
  • September 19 – American Revolution – First Battle of Saratoga: Battle of Freeman's Farm: Patriot forces withstand a British attack at Saratoga, New York
  • September 26 – American Revolution – British troops occupy Philadelphia during the Revolutionary War.
  • October 4 – American Revolution – Battle of Germantown: Troops under George Washington are repelled by British troops under Sir William Howe.
  • October 7 – American Revolution – Second Battle of Saratoga: Battle of Bemis Heights: British General John Burgoyne is defeated by American troops.
  • October 17 – American Revolution – Battle of Saratoga: British General John Burgoyne surrenders to the American troops.
  • November 15 – American Revolution: After 16 months of debate, the Continental Congress approves the Articles of Confederation in the temporary American capital at York, Pennsylvania.
  • November 17 – The Articles of Confederation are submitted to the states for ratification.
  • November 29 – San Jose, California is founded. It is the first pueblo in Spanish Alta California.
  • December 19 – American Revolution: George Washington's Continental Army goes into winter quarters at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania.
  • December 20 – Morocco becomes the first nation to formally recognize the American colonies thereby beginning Morocco – United States relations.
  • December 24 – Kiritimati is discovered by James Cook.

Date unknown

  • The 2nd edition of Encyclopædia Britannica is published.
  • The code duello is adopted at the Clonmell Summer Assizes as the form for pistol duels in Ireland. It is quickly denounced but nevertheless widely adopted throughout the English-speaking world.
  • Kunsthochschule Kassel is founded


Births

January–March

  • January – William Barton (Middlesex cricketer), English cricketer (d. 1825)
  • January 2 – Christian Daniel Rauch, German sculptor (d. 1857)
  • January 7 – Lorenzo Bartolini, Italian sculptor (d. 1850)
  • January 13 – Elisa Bonaparte, Grand Duchess of Tuscany, sister of Napoleon Bonaparte (d. 1820)
  • January 25 – Karoline Jagemann, German actor (d.1848)
  • February 3 – John Cheyne (physician), British physician, surgeon and author (d. 1836)
  • February 10 – Amable Berthelot, Quebec lawyer, author and political figure (d. 1847)
  • February 12
    • Friedrich de la Motte Fouque, French poet (d. 1843)
    • Bernard Courtois, French chemist (d. 1838)
  • February 18 – Andreas Arntzen, Norwegian politician (d. 1837)
  • February 20 – Zacheus Burnham, Canadian farmer, judge and public figure (d. 1857)
  • March 3 – Adolphe Dureau de la Malle, French geographer, naturalist, historian and artist (d. 1857)
  • March 10 – Robert Allison (Pennsylvania), U.S. Representative (d. 1840)
  • March 13 – Charles Lot Church, Nova Scotia politician (d. 1864)
  • March 17
    • Roger Taney, Chief Justice of the United States (d. 1864)
    • Patrick Brontë, Irish Anglican curate and writer; father of writers Charlotte, Emily and Anne Brontë (d. 1861)
  • March 19 – José María Bustamante, Mexican composer (d. 1861)

April–June

  • April 11 – William Addams, United States Congressman (d. 1858)
  • April 12 – Henry Clay, American statesman (d. 1852)
  • April 16 – John Alexander (Ohio), U.S. Representative (d. 1848)
  • April 30 – Carl Friedrich Gauss, German mathematician, astronomer, and physicist (d. 1855)
  • May 4 – Richard Bourke, Australian governor (d. 1855)
  • May 11 – Samuel Bridger, English cricketer
  • May 18 – John George Children, British chemist, mineralogist and zoologist (d. 1852)
  • June 12 – Robert Clark, American politician (d. 1837)
  • June 14 – Heman Allen (of Milton), U.S. Representative (d. 1844)
  • June 15 – David Daniel Davis, British physician (d. 1841)
  • June 22
    • Andrzej Alojzy Ankwicz, Roman Catholic archbishop (d. 1838)
    • William Brown (admiral), Irish-born first admiral of Argentina (d. 1857)
  • June 23 – Frederick Bates, American politician (b. 1825)

July–September

  • July – Thomas Clayton, American lawyer and politician (d. 1854)
  • July 9 – Henry Hallam, English historian (d. 1859)
  • July 26 – Robert Hamilton Bishop, Scottish-American educator and minister (d. 1855)
  • July 27
    • Heinrich Wilhelm Brandes, German physicist (d. 1834)
    • Thomas Campbell, Scottish poet (d. 1844)
    • Henry Trevor, 21st Baron Dacre, British peer and soldier (d. 1853)
  • July 31 – Pedro Ignacio de Castro Barros, Argentine statesman and priest (d. 1849)
  • August 11 – Giuseppe Bossi, Italian painter (d. 1815)
  • August 14 – Hans Christian Ørsted, Danish physicist and chemist (d. 1851)
  • August 23 – Princess Adélaïde of Orléans, French princess (d. 1847)
  • August 29 – Nikita Bichurin, Russian monk (d. 1853)
  • August 31 – Alexander Bashilov, Russian general (d. 1847)
  • September 9 – James Carr (Massachusetts politician), U.S. Congressman (d. 1818)
  • September 12 – Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville, French zoologist and anatomist (d. 1850)
  • September 25 – Joseph Badeaux, Canadian politician (d. 1835)

October–December

  • October 1 – Zaro Aga (claimed to have been born this year or 1774; d. 1934)
  • October 16
    • Lorenzo Dow, American Methodist preacher (d. 1834)
    • Levi Barber, surveyor, court administrator, banker and legislator (d. 1833)
  • October 18
    • Auguste François-Marie de Colbert-Chabanais, French general (d. 1809)
    • Heinrich von Kleist, German poet, dramatist, novelist and short story writer (d. 1811)
  • November 7 – Richard Bassett (clergyman), Welsh cleric (d. 1852)
  • November 14 – Nathaniel Claiborne, U.S. politician (d. 1859)
  • November 24 – Samuel Butts, militia officer (d. 1814)
  • December 1 – Thomas Bradford (British Army officer), British Army officer (d. 1853)
  • December 4 – Madame Récamier, French writer (d. 1849)
  • December 14 – Du Pré Alexander, 2nd Earl of Caledon, Irish peer, landlord and colonial administrator (d. 1839)
  • December 15 – Agostino Aglio, Italian painter, decorator and engraver (d. 1857)
  • December 21 – John Campbell, 7th Duke of Argyll, Scottish peer and Whig politician (d. 1847)
  • December 23 – Emperor Alexander I of Russia (d. 1825)
  • December 24 – Barbara Ann Spooner Wilberforce, Wife of English Abolitionist William Wilberforce (d. 1847)

Date unknown

  • Suleiman al-Halabi, Syrian student and assassin (d. 1800)
  • Carlos Anaya, Uruguayan politician (d. 1862)
  • Charles James Apperley, English sportsman and sporting writer (d. 1843)
  • Carlo Armellini, Italian politician, activist and jurist (d. 1863)
  • Mevlana Halid-i Bagdadi, Ottoman mystic (d. 1826)
  • Connell James Baldwin, Irish soldier and civil servant (d. 1861)
  • Karl Friedrich Becker, German educator and historian (d. 1806)
  • Vicente Benavides, Chilean soldier (d. 1822)
  • John Bennett (Hampshire cricketer) (d. 1857)
  • William Bellinger Bulloch, U.S. Senator (d. 1852)
  • Sophia Campbell, Australian artist (d. 1833)
  • Abiel Chandler, U.S. philanthropist (d. 1851)
  • John Claiborne, U.S. politician (d. 1808)
  • Charles Othon Frédéric Jean-Baptiste de Clarac, French artist, scholar and archaeologist (d. 1847)
  • Thomas Cochran (judge), Canadian judge (d. 1804)
  • William Conner, American trader and politician (d. 1855)
  • Anselmo de la Cruz, Chilean political figure (d. 1833)
  • Thomas Day (Connecticut), American judge (d. 1855)
  • Benjamin d'Urban, British general and colonial administrator (d. 1849)
  • Tu'i Malila, the longest living animal (a tortoise) on record (d. 1965)

Deaths

  • January 10 – Spranger Barry, Irish actor (b. 1719)
  • January 12 – Hugh Mercer, American Revolutionary War officer (mortally wounded in battle) (b. 1726)
  • February 9 – Seth Pomeroy, American gunsmith and soldier (b. 1706)
  • February 24 – King Joseph I of Portugal (b. 1714)
  • March 1 – Georg Christoph Wagenseil, Austrian composer (b. 1715)
  • May 11 – George Pigot, Baron Pigot, British governor of Madras (b. 1719)
  • May 19 – Button Gwinnett, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1735)
  • September 22 – John Bartram, American botanist (b. 1699)
  • September 25 – Johann H. Lambert, mathematician, physicist and astronomer (b. 1728)
  • October 4 – Francis Nash, Brigider general killed at the Battle of Germantown
  • October 7 – Simon Fraser, British general during the American Revolutionary War (b. 1729)
  • October 21 – Samuel Foote, English dramatist and actor (b. 1720)
  • November 10 – Cornstalk, Shawnee chief
  • November 13 – William Bowyer (printer), English printer (b. 1699)
  • December – Dolly Pentreath, claimed to be the last speaker of the Cornish language
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