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Food Processing Workers
At a Glance
- Cook very large quantities of food
- Work using hands and cooking machines
- Have a low level of social interaction
- Receive on-the-job training
- May work only during the summer and fall harvest
Career summary
Food processing workers prepare raw food items and combine ingredients to make food products.Food processing workers may also be known as food production workers, cannery workers, food batchmakers, cooking equipment setters, operators, and tenders, or food roasting, baking, or drying machine operators.
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Food processing workers cook large quantities of food. They work for companies that create the canned, boxed, and frozen foods sold in grocery stores. Rather than cook a few gallons of soup as a chef might, food processing workers cook kettles, vats, or tanks of soup.
Workers generally cook the same or similar items each day. They might always cook soups, lasagnas, spaghetti sauces, or other types of prepared foods. They also cook items such as potato chips, noodles, and crackers that have simpler cooking processes.
Food processing workers begin their shifts by reading work orders. These orders tell workers which products to cook and how much to make. Work orders also include the recipes for the products.
Once they know what they will cook, workers measure or weigh the ingredients they need. They also determine the order for mixing ingredients. Then they add the items to the cooking equipment. Because they are dealing with large quantities of ingredients, workers may use hoists to lift some items.
Related careers
This career is part of the Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resources cluster of careers.
Related careers include:
- Agricultural Products Graders and Sorters
- Bakers
- Chefs and Dinner Cooks
- Commercial Fishers
- Fast Food Cooks
- Food Preparation Workers
- Meat Cutters
- Metal and Plastic Processing Workers
- Packaging and Filling Machine Operators
- Packers and Packagers
- Production Helpers
- Short-Order Cooks
- Textile Machine Operators
Job duties
Task list
The following list of tasks is specific to food processing workers.
- Read work orders to determine which products to prepare.
- Measure and weigh ingredients, using English or metric measures and balance scales.
- Determine mixing sequence.
- Add ingredients or products into cooking equipment, manually or using hoists.
- Mix or blend ingredients using paddles or agitators.
- Add required amounts of water, steam, cooking oils, or compressed air into equipment.
- Cook ingredients at specified temperatures.
- Take samples of products during or after processing for laboratory analysis.
- Examine, feel, and taste products to evaluate their color, texture, flavor, and smell.
- Remove cooked material or products from equipment.
- Smooth out product in bin, tray, or conveyor, using rake or shovel.
- Clean and wash equipment, using water hoses, cleaning or sterilizing solutions, or rinses.
- Record amount of ingredients used, results of tests, and time cycles.
- Calculate ingredient amounts to formulate or modify recipes.
- Operate machines and equipment, such as grinders and canners, to prepare or further process products.
Common work activities
Food processing workers perform the following tasks. These tasks are common to many careers.
- Get information needed to do the job
- Control machines and processes
- Monitor events, materials, and surroundings
- Communicate with supervisors, peers, or subordinates
- Perform activities that use the whole body
- Handle and move objects
- Inspect equipment, structures, or materials
- Identify objects, actions, and events
- Make decisions and solve problems
- Document and record information
- Evaluate information against standards
- Teach others
- Process information
- Establish and maintain relationships
- Organize, plan, and prioritize work
- Coordinate the work and activities of others
- Estimate sizes, quantities, time, cost, or materials needed
- Judge the value of objects, services, or people
- Analyze data or information
- Use computers
- Update and use job-related knowledge
- Explain the meaning of information to others
- Develop and build teams
- Coach others
Work requirements
Working conditions
In a typical work setting, food processing workers:
Interpersonal relationships
- Have a medium level of social contact. They interact with coworkers and supervisors while working but usually do not interact with the public.
- Are somewhat responsible for the health and safety of those who consume the foods they prepare.
- Often work as part of a team.
- Are somewhat responsible for the work done by other processing workers.
Physical work conditions
- Always work indoors. Work locations may not always have air conditioning.
- Always wear protective or safety attire.
- Are regularly exposed to loud sounds and distracting noise levels from kitchen equipment.
- Are sometimes exposed to very hot or very cold temperatures.
- Are sometimes exposed to contaminants.
- Are occasionally exposed to hazardous situations and equipment that may produce cuts or minor burns.
- May work closely to others, such as a few feet away.
Work performance
- Must allow the work pace to be determined by the speed of equipment or machinery.
- Must be exact in their work and be sure all details are done. Errors could produce products that do not taste right or may contain harmful bacteria.
- Repeat the same physical activities.
- Usually consult supervisors before making decisions.
- Must meet strict weekly deadlines.
Hours/travel
- Usually work 40 hours a week.
Physical demands
Food processing workers frequently:
- Stand for long periods of time.
- Use their hands to handle, control, or feel objects, tools, or controls.
- Walk or run for long periods of time.
- Repeat the same movements.
It is important for food processing workers to be able to:
- See details of objects that are less than a few feet away.
- Make quick, precise adjustments to machine controls.
- Use one or two hands to grasp, move, or assemble objects.
- Hold the arm and hand in one position or hold the hand steady while moving the arm.
- Understand the speech of another person.
It is not as important, but still necessary, for food processing workers to be able to:
- Use fingers to grasp, move, or assemble very small objects.
- Speak clearly so listeners can understand.
- Hear sounds and recognize the difference between them.
- Focus on one source of sound and ignore others.
- Use stomach and lower back muscles to support the body for long periods without getting tired.
- React quickly using hands, fingers, or feet.
- Move two or more limbs together (for example, two arms, two legs, or one leg and one arm) while remaining in place.
- Adjust body movements or equipment controls to keep pace with speed changes of moving objects.
- Bend, stretch, twist, or reach out.
- See differences between colors, shades, and brightness.
- See details of objects that are more than a few feet away.
- Use muscles to lift, push, pull, or carry heavy objects.
- Be physically active for long periods without getting tired or out of breath.
- Choose quickly and correctly among various movements when responding to different signals.
- Coordinate movement of several parts of the body, such as arms and legs, while the body is moving.
- Determine the distance between objects.
- Move arms and legs quickly.
- Make fast, repeated movements of fingers, hands, and wrists.
Skills and abilities
Food processing workers need to:
Communicate
- Understand spoken information.
- Read and understand work-related materials.
- Understand written information.
- Listen to others and ask questions.
- Speak clearly so listeners can understand.
Reason and problem solve
- Notice when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong.
- Follow guidelines to arrange objects or actions in a certain order.
- Concentrate and not be distracted while performing a task.
- Develop rules that group items in various ways.
- Analyze ideas and use logic to determine their strengths and weaknesses.
Manage oneself, people, time, and things
- Check how well one is learning or doing something.
Work with people
- Change behavior in relation to others' actions.
Work with things
- Watch gauges, dials, and output to make sure a machine is working properly.
- Operate and control equipment.
Perceive and visualize
- Quickly and accurately compare letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns.
Education and training
Educational programs
The programs of study listed below will help you prepare for the occupation or career cluster you are exploring.
Programs of study to consider
Training
To work as a food processing worker, you typically need to:
- complete moderate-term, on-the-job training.
Education after high school
No formal education is required for this job. However, many employers prefer that you have a high school diploma or its equivalent.
On-the-job training
Food processing workers usually receive informal training on the job from experienced workers. You begin by doing simple tasks, such as loading and unloading materials. As you get experience, you learn to do more complex tasks, such as operating machinery.
Training may last one month up to one year. After training, another worker supervises your work for a short time.
Helpful high school courses
You should take a general high school curriculum that meets the state's graduation requirements. You will be required to take both math and science classes to graduate.
Helpful electives to take in high school that prepare you for this career include:
- Culinary Arts
- Family and Consumer Sciences
- Food and Nutrition
- Safety and First Aid
The courses listed above are meant to help you create your high school plan. If you have not already done so, talk to a school counselor or parent about the courses you are considering taking.
You should also check with a teacher or counselor to see if work-based learning opportunities are available in your school and community. These might include field trips, job shadowing, internships, and actual work experience. The goal of these activities is to help you connect your school experiences with real-life work.
Join some groups, try some hobbies, or volunteer with an organization that interests you. By participating in activities you can have fun, make new friends, and learn about yourself. Maybe one of them will help direct you to a future career. Here are examples of activities and groups that may be available in your high school or community.
Things to know
Few employers require food processing workers to have formal training. They do, however, look for healthy applicants. They also look for applicants who have the ability to sort food, tend machines, or fill containers quickly and accurately.
Food processing or handling experience may be helpful for more advanced jobs.
Most processing plants require applicants to be able to speak and write in English because workers must be able to understand and follow directions to safely work with processing machinery and related chemicals. Over half of all food processing workers are union members. Many belong to the Teamsters or Operating Engineers Union.
Costs to workers
Workers who join a union must pay an initiation fee and dues.
Job listings
Listed below are links to job categories from the National Labor Exchange that relate to this career. Once you get a list of jobs, you can view information about individual jobs and find out how to apply. If your job search finds too many openings, or if you wish to search for jobs outside of Washington, you will need to refine your search.
- Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders
- Food Batchmakers
- Food Cooking Machine Operators and Tenders
To get a listing of current jobs from the WorkSource system, go to the WorkSource website .
Wages
The minimum wage for Washington State as of January 1, 2020 is $13.50 per hour. Some areas of the state may have a higher minimum wage.
Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying machine operators and tenders (SOC 51-3091)
Location |
Pay Period | |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10% |
25% |
Median |
75% |
90% |
||
Washington | Hourly | $14.25 | $16.06 | $18.00 | $20.84 | $23.80 |
Monthly | $2,470 | $2,783 | $3,119 | $3,612 | $4,125 | |
Yearly | $29,640 | $33,410 | $37,440 | $43,350 | $49,500 | |
Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue | Hourly | $15.68 | $16.84 | $18.78 | $21.87 | $24.48 |
Monthly | $2,717 | $2,918 | $3,255 | $3,790 | $4,242 | |
Yearly | $32,610 | $35,009 | $39,064 | $45,496 | $50,906 | |
Vancouver | Hourly | $13.88 | $16.69 | $20.62 | $23.76 | $26.58 |
Monthly | $2,405 | $2,892 | $3,573 | $4,118 | $4,606 | |
Yearly | $28,862 | $34,713 | $42,891 | $49,430 | $55,297 | |
United States | Hourly | $9.76 | $11.60 | $14.83 | $18.74 | $23.57 |
Monthly | $1,691 | $2,010 | $2,570 | $3,248 | $4,085 | |
Yearly | $20,310 | $24,120 | $30,840 | $38,970 | $49,030 |
Food batchmakers (SOC 51-3092)
Location |
Pay Period | |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10% |
25% |
Median |
75% |
90% |
||
Washington | Hourly | $11.99 | $13.02 | $15.05 | $18.09 | $22.66 |
Monthly | $2,078 | $2,256 | $2,608 | $3,135 | $3,927 | |
Yearly | $24,950 | $27,080 | $31,300 | $37,620 | $47,140 | |
Bellingham | Hourly | $12.86 | $13.90 | $15.76 | $18.09 | $19.63 |
Monthly | $2,229 | $2,409 | $2,731 | $3,135 | $3,402 | |
Yearly | $26,753 | $28,905 | $32,783 | $37,640 | $40,817 | |
Kennewick-Richland | Hourly | $12.08 | $13.61 | $16.14 | $19.38 | $23.95 |
Monthly | $2,093 | $2,359 | $2,797 | $3,359 | $4,151 | |
Yearly | $25,123 | $28,318 | $33,576 | $40,315 | $49,826 | |
Mount Vernon-Anacortes | Hourly | $12.04 | $12.45 | $16.04 | $18.82 | $22.03 |
Monthly | $2,087 | $2,158 | $2,780 | $3,262 | $3,818 | |
Yearly | $25,050 | $25,886 | $33,361 | $39,148 | $45,833 | |
Olympia-Tumwater | Hourly | $11.91 | $12.09 | $12.41 | $13.29 | $15.72 |
Monthly | $2,064 | $2,095 | $2,151 | $2,303 | $2,724 | |
Yearly | $24,754 | $25,151 | $25,811 | $27,637 | $32,702 | |
Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue | Hourly | $12.49 | $13.62 | $15.59 | $18.48 | $24.46 |
Monthly | $2,165 | $2,360 | $2,702 | $3,203 | $4,239 | |
Yearly | $25,986 | $28,327 | $32,427 | $38,436 | $50,860 | |
Spokane-Spokane Valley | Hourly | $12.19 | $13.51 | $16.21 | $21.99 | $24.68 |
Monthly | $2,113 | $2,341 | $2,809 | $3,811 | $4,277 | |
Yearly | $25,350 | $28,094 | $33,720 | $45,742 | $51,342 | |
Vancouver | Hourly | $11.24 | $12.27 | $14.23 | $17.34 | $20.34 |
Monthly | $1,948 | $2,126 | $2,466 | $3,005 | $3,525 | |
Yearly | $23,371 | $25,531 | $29,596 | $36,051 | $42,305 | |
Wenatchee | Hourly | $11.98 | $12.28 | $12.83 | $17.14 | $18.77 |
Monthly | $2,076 | $2,128 | $2,223 | $2,970 | $3,253 | |
Yearly | $24,916 | $25,560 | $26,673 | $35,647 | $39,038 | |
Yakima | Hourly | $12.18 | $13.78 | $16.81 | $20.09 | $23.69 |
Monthly | $2,111 | $2,388 | $2,913 | $3,482 | $4,105 | |
Yearly | $25,347 | $28,664 | $34,964 | $41,780 | $49,273 | |
United States | Hourly | $10.12 | $11.63 | $14.29 | $18.56 | $23.05 |
Monthly | $1,754 | $2,015 | $2,476 | $3,216 | $3,995 | |
Yearly | $21,050 | $24,180 | $29,720 | $38,610 | $47,940 |
Food cooking machine operators and tenders (SOC 51-3093)
Location |
Pay Period | |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10% |
25% |
Median |
75% |
90% |
||
Washington | Hourly | $12.14 | $13.90 | $16.79 | $18.92 | $22.05 |
Monthly | $2,104 | $2,409 | $2,910 | $3,279 | $3,821 | |
Yearly | $25,250 | $28,920 | $34,920 | $39,360 | $45,870 | |
Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue | Hourly | $12.31 | $13.42 | $16.57 | $18.73 | $20.04 |
Monthly | $2,133 | $2,326 | $2,872 | $3,246 | $3,473 | |
Yearly | $25,614 | $27,903 | $34,476 | $38,954 | $41,684 | |
Vancouver | Hourly | $15.81 | $16.92 | $18.20 | $19.50 | $20.35 |
Monthly | $2,740 | $2,932 | $3,154 | $3,379 | $3,527 | |
Yearly | $32,893 | $35,185 | $37,850 | $40,543 | $42,327 | |
Yakima | Hourly | $12.76 | $14.01 | $16.44 | $18.80 | $20.78 |
Monthly | $2,211 | $2,428 | $2,849 | $3,258 | $3,601 | |
Yearly | $26,561 | $29,149 | $34,184 | $39,100 | $43,222 | |
United States | Hourly | $10.21 | $11.89 | $14.48 | $17.94 | $21.83 |
Monthly | $1,769 | $2,061 | $2,509 | $3,109 | $3,783 | |
Yearly | $21,230 | $24,730 | $30,120 | $37,310 | $45,400 |
Wages for food processing workers vary by the type of work they do. Wages also vary with the type of food processed, the employer, and the area of the country. Workers who are members of unions generally earn more than non-union workers.
Food processing workers who work full time usually receive benefits. Typical benefits include sick leave, paid vacation, and health insurance.
Employment and outlook
Washington outlook
In Washington, the outlook depends on the expansion of processing facilities, demand for products, amount of product available for processing, competition by other states or countries, and technological advances.
Work in most processing plants is seasonal. The length of the processing period depends on the type of food processed. Employment is usually highest in August, September, and October. Mechanical pickers have reduced the harvest season for some crops. A poor crop yield can also affect the amount of produce available for processing.
The table below provides information about the number of workers in this career in various regions. It also provides information about the expected growth rate and future job openings.
Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders (SOC 51-3091)
Location | Current employment | Growth over 10 years | Annual openings | |
This occupation |
All occupations |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|
Washington | 530 | 4.7% | 16.1% | 66 |
Adams, Chelan, Douglas, Grant, and Okanogan Counties | 26 | 3.8% | 13.4% | 3 |
Benton and Franklin Counties | 39 | 5.1% | 15.0% | 5 |
Grays Harbor, Lewis, Mason, Pacific, and Thurston Counties | 11 | -9.1% | 14.1% | 1 |
Island, San Juan, Skagit, and Whatcom Counties | 16 | 12.5% | 14.6% | 2 |
King County | 36 | 5.6% | 19.6% | 4 |
Kittitas, Klickitat, Skamania, and Yakima Counties | 21 | 4.8% | 13.8% | 2 |
Pierce County | 290 | 4.1% | 15.2% | 36 |
United States | 21,000 | 0.5% | 5.2% | 2,900 |
Food Batchmakers (SOC 51-3092)
Location | Current employment | Growth over 10 years | Annual openings | |
This occupation |
All occupations |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|
Washington | 4,690 | 5.3% | 16.1% | 721 |
Adams, Chelan, Douglas, Grant, and Okanogan Counties | 224 | 20.5% | 13.4% | 44 |
Asotin, Columbia, Ferry, Garfield, Lincoln, Pend Oreille, Stevens, Walla Walla, and Whitman Counties | 20 | 30.0% | 8.6% | 4 |
Benton and Franklin Counties | 464 | 2.8% | 15.0% | 68 |
Clallam, Jefferson, and Kitsap Counties | 39 | 7.7% | 11.9% | 6 |
Clark, Cowlitz, and Wahkiakum Counties | 277 | 14.1% | 15.2% | 50 |
Grays Harbor, Lewis, Mason, Pacific, and Thurston Counties | 183 | -1.6% | 14.1% | 24 |
Island, San Juan, Skagit, and Whatcom Counties | 380 | 4.2% | 14.6% | 58 |
King County | 2,022 | 3.3% | 19.6% | 299 |
Kittitas, Klickitat, Skamania, and Yakima Counties | 405 | 3.7% | 13.8% | 61 |
Pierce County | 227 | 11.0% | 15.2% | 38 |
Snohomish County | 293 | 4.8% | 12.4% | 44 |
Spokane County | 131 | 7.6% | 13.9% | 21 |
United States | 163,800 | 2.0% | 5.2% | 24,800 |
Food Cooking Machine Operators and Tenders (SOC 51-3093)
Location | Current employment | Growth over 10 years | Annual openings | |
This occupation |
All occupations |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|
Washington | 900 | 4.1% | 16.1% | 132 |
Adams, Chelan, Douglas, Grant, and Okanogan Counties | 78 | 6.4% | 13.4% | 12 |
Asotin, Columbia, Ferry, Garfield, Lincoln, Pend Oreille, Stevens, Walla Walla, and Whitman Counties | 17 | 5.9% | 8.6% | 2 |
Benton and Franklin Counties | 199 | 3.5% | 15.0% | 29 |
Grays Harbor, Lewis, Mason, Pacific, and Thurston Counties | 28 | 0.0% | 14.1% | 4 |
Island, San Juan, Skagit, and Whatcom Counties | 84 | 4.8% | 14.6% | 12 |
King County | 321 | 3.7% | 19.6% | 47 |
Kittitas, Klickitat, Skamania, and Yakima Counties | 36 | 2.8% | 13.8% | 5 |
Snohomish County | 34 | 20.6% | 12.4% | 6 |
Spokane County | 25 | 4.0% | 13.9% | 4 |
United States | 35,100 | 2.8% | 5.2% | 5,700 |
National employment
Many food processing workers work only during the summer and fall harvest.
Major employers:
- Bakeries and tortilla manufacturers
- Fruit and vegetable processing companies
- Meat processing companies
- Dairy product manufacturers
- Sugar processing companies
National outlook
There will be slow growth for food processing workers. This is because more food processors are automating their food processing systems. This means fewer workers are required.
Despite little growth, openings will become available as current workers leave this occupation. Job prospects are best in rural areas where large food processing plants are located.
Other resources
Retail, Wholesale, and Department Store UnionWashington Business Week
PO Box 1170
Renton, WA 98057
253.237.3545
References
Career cluster
Career path
- Realistic (Technical)
O*Net
occupations- Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders (51-3091.00)
- Food Batchmakers (51-3092.00)
- Food Cooking Machine Operators and Tenders (51-3093.00)
O*Net job zone
Job Zone 2 - Some preparation needed. Some previous work-related skill, knowledge, or experience may be helpful in these occupations, but usually is not needed.
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COPSystem
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