Metal and Plastic Processing Workers

Career summary

Metal and plastic processing workers operate several types of machines:

• Grinders smooth metal edges
• Extruding machines force metal through small holes to make wire
• Molding machines force air to expand plastic to fill a mold
• Rolling machines roll steel or plastic to flatten
• Cutting and punching machines saw, shear, bend, or straighten metal or plastic
• Drilling and boring machines punch or bore holes in metal or plastic

Metal and plastic processing workers can be grouped into two main categories:

Set-up workers

Set-up workers prepare machines and set and adjust the controls. They read work orders, blueprints, or other instructions. They select and install blades, tools, and other attachments for the machine. They adjust the attachments to ensure proper operation.

Set-up workers replace parts as they become worn. They clean and oil them regularly. They also do minor repairs. For example, they replace parts or sharpen worn blades.

Operators and tenders

Operators and tenders load and monitor the machines as they operate. They may use hoists to load large, heavy pieces of metal onto the machinery. They load plastic material in powder, pellet, or syrup form. After securing the work pieces they adjust fixtures that guide objects as they move through the machines.

Before starting the machines, operators set all controls for speed and feed rate. They monitor the process in case of jams or other problems. Some operators observe and record data from meters and gauges. If operators cannot fix the problem, they call a supervisor.

Many operators check the finished work. Metal machine operators may use meters or gauges to check that pieces are the right size. Operators also inspect the finished work pieces for defects and mark them.

Operators keep production records.

Related careers

This career is part of the Manufacturing cluster of careers.

Related careers include:

• Machinists
• Numerical Control Machine Operators
• Packaging and Filling Machine Operators
• Painting and Coating Machine Operators
• Precision Assemblers
• Production Helpers
• Sawing Machine Operators
• Tire Building Machine Operators
• Tool and Die Makers
• Tool Grinders
• Welders and Solderers
• Welding and Soldering Machine Operators
• Woodworking Machine Operators

Job duties

Task list

The following list of tasks is specific to metal and plastic processing workers.

• Read work orders and plan sequence of work.
• Observe machine operation and record data.
• Clean, oil, and maintain machines.
• Inspect work pieces for defects. Replace or sharpen broken or worn parts or blades. Clear jams and adjust settings. Alert supervisor of problems.
• Select blades, tools, or other attachments. Install and align them.
• Load work pieces, plastic material, or chemical solutions into machine.
• Secure work pieces and position guides, stops, or other fixtures.
• Set controls for speed, feed rate, depth and angle, or pressure and temperature.
• Start feeding, cooling, and lubricating mechanisms.
• Measure finished work pieces to determine if they are the right size. Use meters, gauges, and other precision instruments.

Common work activities

Metal and plastic processing workers perform the following tasks. These tasks are common to many careers.

• Control machines and processes
• Get information needed to do the job
• Handle and move objects
• Inspect equipment, structures, or materials
• Communicate with supervisors, peers, or subordinates
• Identify objects, actions, and events
• Make decisions and solve problems
• Monitor events, materials, and surroundings
• Perform activities that use the whole body
• Evaluate information against standards
• Teach others
• Document and record information
• Judge the value of objects, services, or people
• Process information
• Update and use job-related knowledge
• Establish and maintain relationships
• Organize, plan, and prioritize work
• Operate vehicles or mechanized equipment
• Repair and maintain mechanical equipment
• Estimate sizes, quantities, time, cost, or materials needed
• Use computers

Work requirements

Working conditions

In a typical work setting, metal and plastic processing workers:

Interpersonal relationships

• Are somewhat responsible for the health and safety of other workers. This applies mainly to operators who set up machines for other workers.
• Have a low level of social contact. They work mostly with machines and materials.
• Communicate mostly by face-to-face discussions and telephone.
• Often work as part of a team.

Physical work conditions

• Nearly always work indoors.
• Regularly wear protective attire, such as safety glasses, earplugs, or face masks.
• Are often exposed to sounds and noise levels that are distracting and uncomfortable.
• Are sometimes exposed to contaminants.
• Are sometimes exposed to hazardous equipment or conditions.
• Are sometimes exposed to hazardous situations that produce cuts or minor burns.
• May work physically near others.

Work performance

• Must be sure that all details of the job are done and their work is exact. Errors could endanger the safety of workers.
• Must allow the work pace to be determined by the speed of the machinery.
• Repeat the same physical activities.
• Usually work under the direction of supervisors.
• Must meet daily and weekly deadlines.

Hours/travel

• Usually work a 40-hour week. However, overtime is common during periods of increased production.
• May be required to work nights and weekends, if working in a shop that operates more than one shift per day.

Physical demands

Metal and plastic processing workers frequently:

• Stand for long periods of time.
• Use their hands to handle, control, or feel objects, tools, or controls.
• Repeat the same movements.
• Walk or run for long periods of time.
• Bend or twist their body.

It is important for metal and plastic processing workers to be able to:

• Make quick, precise adjustments to machine controls.
• See details of objects that are less than a few feet away.
• Hold the arm and hand in one position or hold the hand steady while moving the arm.
• Use one or two hands to grasp, move, or assemble objects.
• React quickly using hands, fingers, or feet.
• Move two or more limbs together (for example, two arms, two legs, or one leg and one arm) while remaining in place.
• Use fingers to grasp, move, or assemble very small objects.
• Use stomach and lower back muscles to support the body for long periods without getting tired.
• Adjust body movements or equipment controls to keep pace with speed changes of moving objects.
• Use muscles to lift, push, pull, or carry heavy objects.

It is not as important, but still necessary, for metal and plastic processing workers to be able to:

• Understand the speech of another person.
• Speak clearly so listeners can understand.
• See details of objects that are more than a few feet away.
• Focus on one source of sound and ignore others.
• Determine the distance between objects.
• Hear sounds and recognize the difference between them.
• Bend, stretch, twist, or reach out.
• Be physically active for long periods without getting tired or out of breath.
• See differences between colors, shades, and brightness.
• Choose quickly and correctly among various movements when responding to different signals.
• Use muscles for extended periods without getting tired.
• Make fast, repeated movements of fingers, hands, and wrists.
• Coordinate movement of several parts of the body, such as arms and legs, while the body is moving.
• Move arms and legs quickly.
• Keep or regain the body's balance or stay upright when in an unstable position.

Skills and abilities

Metal and plastic processing workers need to:

Communicate

• Understand spoken information.
• Speak clearly so listeners can understand.
• Understand written information.
• Listen to others and ask questions.
• Read and understand work-related materials.

Reason and problem solve

• Notice when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong.
• Follow guidelines to arrange objects or actions in a certain order.
• Concentrate and not be distracted while performing a task.
• Use reasoning to discover answers to problems.
• Analyze ideas and use logic to determine their strengths and weaknesses.

Manage oneself, people, time, and things

• Check how well one is learning or doing something.

Work with things

• Watch gauges, dials, and output to make sure a machine is working properly.
• Operate and control equipment.
• Inspect and evaluate the quality of products.

Perceive and visualize

• Quickly and accurately compare letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns.
• Imagine how something will look if it is moved around or its parts are rearranged.

Education and training

Educational programs

The programs of study listed below will help you prepare for the occupation or career cluster you are exploring.

Programs of study to consider

• Computer Numerically Controlled (CNC) Machinist Technology
• Machine Shop Technology
• Plastics Technology
• Precision Crafting and Repair
• Process Technology
• Sheet Metal Technology
• Woodworking and Cabinetmaking

Training

To work as a metal and plastic processing worker, you typically need to:

• have a high school diploma or equivalent; and
• complete moderate-term, on-the-job training.

Education after high school

No formal education beyond high school is required for this job.

On-the-job training

Almost all metal and plastic processing workers learn their skills on the job from an experienced worker. You begin by doing simple tasks such as helping other workers. Later, you learn to adjust feed speeds and change cutting tools.

The complexity of processing machines determines how much training you need to become an operator. You can learn basic machine functions in a few weeks. However, workers receive up to one year of training.

Helpful high school courses

You should take a general high school curriculum that meets the state's graduation requirements. You will be required to take both math and science classes to graduate.

Helpful electives to take in high school that prepare you for this career include:

• Blueprint Reading
• Computer Fundamentals
• Drafting
• Industrial Arts
• Physical Education

The courses listed above are meant to help you create your high school plan. If you have not already done so, talk to a school counselor or parent about the courses you are considering taking.

You should also check with a teacher or counselor to see if work-based learning opportunities are available in your school and community. These might include field trips, job shadowing, internships, and actual work experience. The goal of these activities is to help you connect your school experiences with real-life work.

Join some groups, try some hobbies, or volunteer with an organization that interests you. By participating in activities you can have fun, make new friends, and learn about yourself. Maybe one of them will help direct you to a future career. Here are examples of activities and groups that may be available in your high school or community.

Things to know

Employers prefer to hire applicants who have good basic skills. These skills include reading, writing, and speaking English. Many employers require employees to have a high school diploma or equivalent. Employers also look for people with good verbal and people skills. Mechanical aptitude and manual dexterity are also helpful. Employers look for strong analytical skills in applicants for set-up operator positions.

Job listings

Listed below are links to job categories from the National Labor Exchange that relate to this career. Once you get a list of jobs, you can view information about individual jobs and find out how to apply. If your job search finds too many openings, or if you wish to search for jobs outside of Washington, you will need to refine your search.

• Cutting, Punching, and Press Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 
• Drilling and Boring Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 
• Extruding and Drawing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 
• Forging Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 
• Grinding, Lapping, Polishing, and Buffing Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 
• Heat Treating Equipment Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 
• Lathe and Turning Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders Metal and Plastic 
• Milling and Planing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 
• Molding, Coremaking, and Casting Machine Setters,Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 
• Multiple Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 
• Plating and Coating Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 
• Rolling Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 

To get a listing of current jobs from the WorkSource system, go to the WorkSource website .

Wages

The minimum wage for Washington State as of January 1, 2020 is $13.50 per hour. Some areas of the state may have a higher minimum wage.

Wage tables are available for the following SOC titles. Click the title to show or hide that title's wage table.

Wages vary by the type of material worked with. Wages also vary based on the size of the company, the industry, and the type of machine operated. Workers earn higher wages for working with more complex machines. The skill level and experience of the operator also affect wages. In addition, workers who are members of a union usually receive higher wages.

Many full-time metal and plastic processing workers receive benefits. These typically include paid vacation, sick leave, and health insurance.

Employment and outlook

Washington outlook

The table below provides information about the number of workers in this career in various regions. It also provides information about the expected growth rate and future job openings.

Employment & Outlook tables are available for the following SOC titles. Click the title to show or hide that title's table.

National employment

Major employers:

• Plastics products manufacturers
• Motor vehicle parts manufacturers
• Machine shops and nut, bolt, and screw manufacturers
• Metal products manufacturers
• Metal forging and stamping companies
• Temporary worker agencies

National outlook

Growth in this occupation is declining. The decline is tied to the decline in the manufacturing industry. More plastic and metal parts are manufactured overseas. Automation means that many parts can be made by machines and robots. Fewer workers are required.

Many job openings will occur as current metal and plastic processing machine operators retire or switch to other occupations. Job prospects are best for those with experience operating computer-controlled equipment. 

Other resources

American Foundry Society 
1695 North Penny Lane
Schaumburg, IL 60173
800.537.4237
847.824.0181

Forging Industry Association 
1111 Superior Avenue, Suite 615
Cleveland, OH 44114
216.781.6260

International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers 
9000 Machinists Place
Upper Marlboro, MD 20772
301.967.4500

Precision Metalforming Association 
6363 Oak Tree Boulevard
Independence, OH 44131
216.901.8800

United Steelworkers of America 
60 Boulevard of the Allies
Pittsburgh, PA 15222
412.562.2400

Washington Business Week 
PO Box 1170
Renton, WA 98057
253.237.3545

References

Career cluster

• Manufacturing

Career path

• Realistic (Technical)

O*Net  occupations

• Cutting, Punching, and Press Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic (51-4031.00) 
• Drilling and Boring Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic (51-4032.00) 
• Extruding and Drawing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic (51-4021.00) 
• Forging Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic (51-4022.00) 
• Grinding, Lapping, Polishing, and Buffing Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Pl (51-4033.00) 
• Heat Treating Equipment Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic (51-4191.00) 
• Lathe and Turning Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic (51-4034.00) 
• Milling and Planing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic (51-4035.00) 
• Molding, Coremaking, and Casting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic (51-4072.00) 
• Multiple Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic (51-4081.00) 
• Plating and Coating Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic (51-4193.00) 
• Rolling Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic (51-4023.00) 

O*Net job zone 

• Job Zone 2 - Some preparation needed. Some previous work-related skill, knowledge, or experience may be helpful in these occupations, but usually is not needed.

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• Trim-machine Adjuster (609.280-010) 
• Trim-machine Operator (609.685-026) 
• Tube Bender, Brass-wind Instruments (617.382-010) 
• Tube Coater (599.685-102) 
• Turret-lathe Set-up Operator (604.380-026) 
• Turret-lathe Set-up Operator, Tool (604.280-022) 
• Upsetter (611.662-010) 
• Vacuum Caster (514.582-010) 
• Vacuum Plastic-forming-machine Operator (556.685-082) 
• Vacuum-applicator Operator (692.685-238) 
• Vacuum-metalizer Operator (505.685-018) 
• Welding-rod Coater (505.382-014) 
• Wire Drawer (614.382-010) 
• Wire-coating Operator, Metal (501.485-010) 
• Zinc-plating-machine Operator (500.485-010) 

Strong Interest Inventory

• Production Worker

Holland occupational clusters

• Realistic/Conventional/Enterprising
• Realistic/Conventional/Investigative
• Realistic/Investigative/Conventional

COPSystem

• Technology Skilled