Examples of trait in the following topics:
-
- One possible proof of this is that several trait theories were developed independently of each other when factor analysis was used to conclude a specific set of traits.
- While developing their theories independently of each other, trait theorists often arrived at a similar set of traits.
- Trait perspectives are often criticized for their predictive value: critics argue that traits do a poor job of predicting behavior in every situation.
- Trait theories provide information about people and about which traits cause which behaviors; however, there is no indication as to why these traits interact in the way that they do.
- While trait theories provide information about which traits an individual has and how they may behave, they do not explain why they will behave this way.
-
- Allport's, Cattell's, and Eysenck's trait theories propose that individuals possess certain personality traits that partially determine their behavior.
- Trait theorists believe personality can be understood by positing that all people have certain traits, or characteristic ways of behaving.
- Cardinal traits are powerful, but few people have personalities dominated by a single trait.
- Central traits come next in the hierarchy.
- Secondary traits exist at the bottom of the hierarchy and are not quite as obvious or consistent as central traits.
-
- Central traits are basic to an individual's personality, while secondary traits are less central to one's identity.
- Cultural factors can also influence which traits are most integral to personality.
- Although traits are generally considered inborn aspects of personality, the expression of traits can be influenced by the environment.
- Many trait theories posit that individuals with specific traits would behave in the same manner across a variety of situations.
- Instead of investigating what traits are associated with certain behaviors, this theory attempts to describe which situations lead to specific traits being expressed.
-
- We are all born with specific genetic traits inherited from our parents, such as eye color, height, and certain personality traits.
- Genes and the environment work together, communicating back and forth to create traits.
- Trait B shows a high heritability, since the correlation of the trait rises sharply with the degree of genetic similarity.
- Trait C shows low heritability as well as low correlation generally, suggesting that the degree to which individuals display trait C has little to do with either genes or predictable environmental factors.
- However, this can vary widely by trait.
-
- These cultural norms can dictate which personality traits are considered important.
- The researcher Gordon Allport considered culture to be an important influence on traits and defined common traits as those that are recognized within a culture.
- These traits may vary from culture to culture based on differing values, needs, and beliefs.
- Gender roles can determine which traits are considered positive or desirable.
- These traits vary from culture to culture.
-
- Many psychologists believe that the total number of personality traits can be reduced to five factors, with all other personality traits fitting within these five factors.
- According to this model, a factor is a larger category that encompasses many smaller personality traits.
- It is the most widely accepted structure among trait theorists and in personality psychology today, and the most accurate approximation of the basic trait dimensions (Funder, 2001).
- It’s also important to note that the Big Five traits are relatively stable over our lifespan, but there is some tendency for the traits to increase or decrease slightly.
- In the center column, notice that the first letter of each trait spells the mnemonic OCEAN.
-
- Prior to his research, trait theories argued that an individual's behavior is mostly dependent on traits like conscientiousness and sociability, and these traits are expected to be consistent across different situations.
- The conflict of ideas between trait theories and Mischel's cognitive-affective model became known as the person–situation debate, or "trait vs. state."
- Is the trait more important in predicting behavior, or the situation?
- This argument contradicted the fundamental tenet of trait theory that only internal traits, not external situations, should be taken into account.
- These findings contradicted the classic trait-theory assumption that individuals who shared a specific trait would behave in a similar manner.
-
- The biological basis of personality focuses on why or how personality traits manifest through biology and the identification of personality traits.
- Allport is known as a trait psychologist.
- From this, he developed a list of 4500 trait words, which he then organized these into three levels.
- The first of these levels is cardinal traits.
- The final level is secondary traits, which are characteristics only seen in certain circumstances.
-
- It focuses on why or how personality traits manifest through biology and investigates the links between personality, DNA, and processes in the brain.
- These findings suggest the heritability of some personality traits, implying that some aspects of our personalities are largely controlled by genetics.
- Multiple twin studies have found that identical twins do have higher correlations in personality traits than fraternal twins.
- One study measuring genetic influence on twins in five different countries found that correlations for traits between identical twins were 0.50 (i.e., they had 50% of traits in common), while for fraternal twins were about 0.20 (i.e., they had 20% of traits in common).
- All factors are reduced to quantifiable variables that can be reliably measured by personality trait models and questionnaires.
-
- Personality psychology studies the long-standing traits and patterns that propel individuals to consistently think, feel, and behave in specific ways.
- Personality refers to the long-standing traits and patterns that propel individuals to consistently think, feel, and behave in specific ways.
- Failure to resolve a stage can result in a person becoming fixated in that stage, leading to unhealthy personality traits; successful resolution of the stages leads to a healthy adult.
- Trait theorists believe personality can be understood through the idea that all people have certain traits, or characteristic ways of behaving.
- Western ideas about personality are not necessarily applicable to other cultures, and there is evidence that the strength of personality traits varies across cultures.