lipopolysaccharide

(noun)

any of a large class of lipids conjugated with polysaccharides

Related Terms

Examples of lipopolysaccharide in the following topics:

  • Gram-Negative Outer Membrane

    • The outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria invariably contains a unique component, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in addition to proteins and phospholipids.

  • Antimicrobial Peptides

    • These peptides qualify as innovative drugs that might be used as antibiotics, anti-lipopolysaccharide drugs, or modifiers of inflammation reactions.

  • Pathogenic Escherichia coli

    • Pathogenic E. coli strains can be categorized based on elements that can elicit an immune response in animals, namely: O antigen, K antigen, H antigen, and F antigen in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) molecules found in the outer membrane of the E. coli cell.
    • Structure of a lipopolysaccharide showing the O antigen, core region and lipid A.

  • Batch Culture of Bacteriophages

    • To enter a host cell, bacteriophages attach to specific receptors on the surface of bacteria, including lipopolysaccharides, teichoic acids, proteins, or even flagella.

  • Fusobacteria

    • However, in contrast to Bacteroides, Fusobacterium have a potent lipopolysaccharide that can function as an endotoxin.

  • Overview of Proteobacteria

    • All proteobacteria are Gram-negative, with an outer membrane mainly composed of lipopolysaccharides.

  • Polysaccharide Biosynthesis

    • UDP-glucose can also be used as a precursor of lipopolysaccharides, and peptidoglycan.

  • Basic Structures of Prokaryotic Cells

    • Gram-negative bacteria have a relatively thin cell wall composed of a few layers of peptidoglycan (only 10 percent of the total cell wall), surrounded by an outer envelope containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and lipoproteins.
    • In gram-negative bacteria, the cell wall is surrounded by an outer membrane that contains lipopolysaccharides and lipoproteins.

  • Fever

    • Exogenous factors include a variety, such as lipopolysaccharide toxin (from gram negative bacteria) which can activate a number of innate immune activation pathways.
    • For example, if an NK cell detects lipopolysaccharide from a pathogen, it will release TNFα, which will travel through the bloodstream to induce a number of long-lasting inflammatory changes, including fever.

  • Lipid Biosynthesis

    • Many of the immune activating abilities of lipopolysaccharide can be attributed to the lipid A unit.