coordination compound

Examples of coordination compound in the following topics:

• Naming Coordination Compounds

  • Transition-metal and coordination compounds are named using a set of rules that describe oxidation numbers and anion and cation composition.
  • More complicated coordination compounds are composed of an atom or ion (usually a metal) and a surrounding array of bound molecules or anions, known as ligands.
  • Coordination refers to the coordinate covalent bonds (dipolar bonds) between the ligands and the central atom.
  • Write a proper chemical name for each of the following coordination compounds:
  • Identify the proper name for a coordination complex given its molecular formula.

• Coloring Agents

  • The electronic configuration of some metal complexes gives them important properties, such as color in coordination compounds.
  • Changing the metal or the ligand can change the color of the coordination complex.
  • Reactions starting from NiCl2·6H2O can be used to form a variety of nickel coordination complexes because the H2O ligands are rapidly displaced by ammonia, amines, thioethers, thiolates, and organophosphines.

• Reactions of Coordination Compounds

  • Many metal-containing compounds consist of coordination complexes.
  • The central atom or ion, together with all ligands, comprise the coordination sphere.
  • The central atoms or ion and the donor atoms comprise the first coordination sphere.
  • Coordination refers to the coordinate covalent bonds (dipolar bonds) between the ligands and the central atom.
  • As applied to coordination chemistry, this meaning has evolved.

• Oxidation Numbers of Metals in Coordination Compounds

  • For the compound, we calculate the oxidation number as follows: 2(-3) + 6(+1) = 0.
  • The oxidation number in coordination chemistry has a slightly different meaning.
  • Example 2: Another compound has the formula K2CrO4.
  • No compound of gallium(II) is known; any such compound would have an unpaired electron and would behave as a free radical and be destroyed rapidly.
  • Calculate the oxidation state of a metal in a coordination compound.

• Chelating Agents

  • Chelating agents are ligands for metals that bind via multiple atoms, thus taking up several coordination sites on the metal.
  • Chelation is the formation or presence of two or more separate coordinate bonds between a polydentate (multiple bonded) ligand and a single central atom.
  • Usually these ligands are organic compounds and are called chelants, chelators, chelating agents, or sequestering agents; the resulting complexes are called chelate compounds.
  • Chelate complexes are contrasted with coordination complexes composed of monodentate ligands, which form only one bond with the central atom.
  • Chelating agents, unlike the other ligands in coordination compounds, bind via multiple atoms in the ligand molecule, not just one.

• Biomolecules

  • Coordination complexes are found in many biomolecules, especially as essential ingredients for the active site of enzymes.
  • Coordination complexes (also called coordination compounds) and transition metals are widespread in nature.
  • Metalloenzymes contain a metal ion bound to the protein with one labile coordination site.
  • It consists of a zinc ion coordinated by three imidazole nitrogen atoms from three histidine units.
  • The fourth coordination site is occupied by a water molecule.

• Chemical Analysis

  • Coordination complexes and their chemistry can be used to analyze the composition of a solution by precipitation or colorimetric analysis.
  • Coordination complexes can be used to analyze chemical composition in a variety of ways.
  • Classical qualitative inorganic analysis is a method of analytical chemistry that seeks to find the elemental compositions of inorganic compounds.
  • It is applicable to both organic compounds and inorganic compound.
  • Describe the application of coordination compounds in the analysis of chemical composition.

• Enantiomers and Stereoisomerism in Organic Compounds

  • What differs between stereoisomers of a compound is the spatial arrangement of atoms.
  • Stereoisomers can be divided into enantiomers, diastereomers and meso compounds.
  • In chemistry, chirality is commonly observed in both coordination and organic compounds.
  • The compound on the left is known as the S-enantiomer; that on the right is the R.
  • Although nearly all chiral organic compounds have stereocenters at SP3 carbon centers, there are other possibilities.

• Metal Cations that Act as Lewis Acids

  • The number of coordinate bonds is known as the complex's coordination number.
  • For instance, Mg2+ can coordinate with ammonia in solutions, as shown below:
  • Nearly all compounds formed by the transition metals can be viewed as collections of the Lewis bases—or ligands—bound to the metal, which functions as the Lewis acid.
  • The product is known as a complex ion, and the study of these ions is known as coordination chemistry.
  • Examples of several metals (V, Mn, Re, Fe, Ir) in coordination complexes with various ligands.

• Copper

  • The simplest compounds of copper are binary compounds, i.e. those containing only two elements.
  • The principal compounds are the oxides, sulfides, and halides.
  • Copper, like all metals, forms coordination complexes with ligands.
  • The simplest compounds of copper are binary compounds (i.e., those containing only two elements).
  • Copper, like all metals, forms coordination complexes with ligands.