Black Power Movement

Examples of Black Power Movement in the following topics:

• Black Power

  • Black Power meant a variety of things.
  • The Black Power movement was given a stage on live, international television on October of 1968.
  • White fear and racialized backlash to groups such as the Black Panthers led to a great deal of biased media coverage, and the Black Power movement gained a negative and militant reputation.
  • Though Black Power at the most basic level refers to a political movement, Black Power was also part of a much larger process of cultural change.
  • This speech demonstrates the importance of the formation of African-American identity as a crucial part of the Black Power movement.

• The Emergence of the Civil Rights Movement

  • The 1950s and the 1960s witnessed a dramatic development of the Civil Rights Movement that at the time accomplished a series of its goals through the acts of civil disobedience, legal battles, and promoting the notion of Black Power.
  • During the March Against Fear in 1966, SNCC and CORE fully embraced the slogan of "black power" to describe these trends towards militancy and self-reliance.
  • We need power."
  • Black Power was made most public, however, by the Black Panther Party, which was founded by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale in Oakland, California, in 1966.
  • The emergence of the Black Power movement, which lasted from about 1966 to 1975, challenged the established black leadership for its cooperative attitude and its nonviolence, and instead demanded political and economic self-sufficiency.

• Racial Tensions and Black Lives Matter

  • The Black Lives Matter movement was co-founded by three black queer women who are active community organizers: Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi.
  • BLM claims inspiration from the African-American Civil Rights Movement, the Black Power movement, the 1980s Black feminist movement, Pan-Africanism, Anti-Apartheid Movement, Hip hop, LGBTQ social movements, and Occupy Wall Street.
  • The overall Black Lives Matter movement is a decentralized network and has no formal hierarchy or structure.
  • The Black Lives Matter movement was founded in 2013 by Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi.
  • Describe the significance of Ferguson and the goals of the Black Lives Matter movement

• Marcus Garvey

  • Marcus Garvey (1887–1940) was a Jamaican political leader, publisher, journalist, entrepreneur, and orator who was a staunch proponent of the black nationalism and Pan-Africanism movements.
  • He founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL), as well as the Black Star Line, part of the Back-to-Africa movement that promoted the return of the African diaspora to their ancestral lands.
  • Promoted by the UNIA as a movement of African redemption, Garveyism would eventually inspire others, ranging from the Nation of Islam to the Rastafari movement, which proclaims Garvey a prophet.
  • His intent was for those of African ancestry to "redeem" Africa and for the European colonial powers to leave.
  • A movement of black opposition to Garvey that came to be known as the “Garvey Must Go” Campaign aimed to reveal Garvey as a fraud.

• The Transformed South

  • The fact that former slaves now held political and military power angered many whites, and this gave rise to movements such as the KKK and other white supremacist organizations.
  • Most white members of both the planter/business class and common farmer class of the South opposed black power and sought white supremacy.
  • Democrats nominated blacks for political office and tried to steal other blacks from the Republican side.
  • They were paternalistic toward the blacks but feared they would use power to raise taxes and slow business development.
  • Fleming described the first results of the movement as "good" and the later ones as "both good and bad."

• The Rise of Garveyism

  • Marcus Garvey (1887-1940) was a Jamaican political leader, publisher, journalist, entrepreneur, and orator who was a staunch proponent of the black nationalism and Pan-Africanism movements .
  • He founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL), and also founded the Black Star Line, part of the Back-to-Africa movement.
  • Promoted by the UNIA as a movement of African redemption, Garveyism would eventually inspire others, ranging from the Nation of Islam to the Rastafari movement (which proclaims Garvey as a prophet).
  • The intent of the movement was for those of African ancestry to "redeem" Africa, and for the European colonial powers to leave it.
  • However, it was abandoned in the mid-1920s after much opposition from European powers with interests in Liberia.

• The Flowering of Black Freedom Struggle

  • The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) was part of the American Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s.
  • Some were concerned that it might turn violent, which could undermine pending legislation and damage the international image of the movement.
  • Though Freedom Summer failed to register many voters, it significantly effected the course of the Civil Rights Movement.
  • Blacks' regaining the power to vote changed the political landscape of the South.
  • Outline major events in the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s

• The "Nadir of Race Relations" and the Great Migration

  • Many came to believe that only white people had the power to destroy white supremacy and the racist economic, political, cultural, and social networks that supported it.
  • Racism was so prevalent that even American presidents embraced segregationist attitudes and polices in the government and the military, while black Americans turned toward civil rights and Afrocentric movements led by W.E.B.
  • This perspective argued that African-American demands for justice were ill-informed and illegitimate, since the competition between black people and white people over resources and power was a zero-sum game.
  • African Americans commonly experienced racism in the context of territorialism, often from ethnic Irish people defending their power bases.
  • In some regions, black people could not serve on juries.

• Racial Friction

  • The findings of the commission further influenced immigration policy and upheld the concerns of the nativist movement.
  • The racial concern of the anti-immigration movement was linked closely to the eugenics movement that was sweeping the United States.
  • After intense lobbying from the nativist movement, the United States Congress passed the Emergency Quota Act in 1921.
  • As more African-Americans moved northward, they encountered racism in which they had to battle over territory, often against ethnic Irish, who were defending their power bases.
  • In September 1919, in response to the Red Summer, the African Blood Brotherhood, a radical black liberation organization, formed in northern cities to serve as an "armed resistance" movement.

• Conservative Resurgence

  • The fact that their former slaves now held political and military power angered many whites.
  • Most white members of both the planter/business class and common farmer class of the South opposed black power, Carpetbaggers and military rule and sought white supremacy.
  • Democrats nominated blacks for political office and tried to steal other blacks from the Republican side.
  • They were paternalistic toward the blacks but feared they would use power to raise taxes and slow business development.
  • Conservative reaction continued in both the North and South; the "white liners" movement to elect candidates dedicated to white supremacy reached as far as Ohio in 1875.