polysaccharide

Examples of polysaccharide in the following topics:

• Bacterial Flora

  • For example, undigested polysaccharides (fiber) are metabolized to short-chain fatty acids by bacteria in the large intestine and then absorbed by passive diffusion.
  • These are produced as a result of bacterial fermentation of undigested polysaccharides.

• Absorption and Feces Formation in the Large Intestine

  • Undigested polysaccharides (fiber) are metabolized to short-chain fatty acids by bacteria in the large intestine and absorbed by passive diffusion.
  • Bacterial fermentation of undigested polysaccharides produces these gases.

• Mechanisms of Chemical Digestion

  • ., polysaccharides, proteins, fats, nucleic acids) to smaller ones (i.e., monosaccharides, amino acids, fatty acids, nucleotides) .
  • This breaks amylose down into mainly disaccharides, and glycogen with its 1:6 linkages into polysaccharides .
  • The net result of these actions are numerous disaccharides and polysaccharides.

• Carbohydrates: Sources, Uses in the Body, and Dietary Requirements

  • Polysaccharides are also common sources of energy.

• Chemical Digestion of Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic Acids

  • In humans, dietary starches are composed of glucose units arranged in long chains of polysaccharide called amylose.

• Antigenic Determinants and Processing Pathways

  • T cells do not recognize polysaccharide or nucleic acid antigens.
  • This is why polysaccharides are generally T-independent antigens and proteins are generally T-dependent antigens.

• Development of the Immune System

  • Once born, a child's immune system responds favorably to protein antigens while not as well to glycoproteins and polysaccharides.
  • Not until 12-24 months of age is there a marked improvement in the body's response to polysaccharides.

• Antigens and Antigen Receptors

  • Antigens are usually proteins or polysaccharides.
  • Lipids and nucleic acids are antigenic only when combined with proteins and polysaccharides.

• Catabolic-Anabolic Steady State

  • Anabolic processes produce peptides, proteins, polysaccharides, lipids and nucleic acids.

• Digestive Processes of the Large Intestine

  • Without gut flora, the human body would be unable to utilize some of the undigested carbohydrates it consumes; some types of gut flora have enzymes that human cells lack for breaking down certain polysaccharides.