homeostasis

Examples of homeostasis in the following topics:

• Bone and Calcium Homeostasis

  • Calcium metabolism or calcium homeostasis is the mechanism by which the body maintains adequate calcium levels.
  • Calcium metabolism or calcium homeostasis is the mechanism by which the body maintains adequate calcium levels.

• Disease as Homeostatic Imbalance

  • While disease is often a result of infection or injury, most diseases involve the disruption of normal homeostasis.
  • This lack of homeostasis increases the risk for illness and is responsible for the physical changes associated with aging.
  • In these cases, medical intervention is necessary to restore homeostasis and prevent permanent organ damage.
  • Negative feedback between insulin and glucagon levels controls blood sugar homeostasis.
  • Homeostasis may become imbalanced if the pancreas is overly stressed, making it unable to balance glucose metabolism.

• Homeostatic Control

  • Homeostasis is maintained by the body's responses to adverse stimuli, ensuring maintenance of an optimal physiological environment.
  • Homeostasis regulates an organism's internal environment and maintains a stable, constant condition of properties like temperature and pH.
  • Homeostasis can be influenced by either internal or external conditions and is maintained by many different mechanisms.
  • The integrating center or control center receives information from the sensors and initiates the response to maintain homeostasis.
  • Positive feedback is a mechanism in which an output is enhanced in order to maintain homeostasis.

• Interactions of Hormones at Target Cells

  • Maintaining homeostasis often requires conditions to be limited to a narrow range.
  • When conditions exceed the upper limit of homeostasis, a specific action—usually the production of a hormone—is triggered.
  • If conditions exceed the lower limits of homeostasis, a different action, usually the production of a second hormone, is triggered.
  • The two glands most responsible for homeostasis are the thyroid and the parathyroid.
  • Glucagon is a pancreatic peptide hormone that, as a counter-regulatory hormone for insulin, stimulates glucose release by the liver and maintains glucose homeostasis.

• Overview of the Pituitary Gland

  • The pituitary gland is connected to the hypothalamus and secretes nine hormones that regulate body homeostasis.
  • The pituitary gland secretes hormones that regulate homeostasis.

• Overview of the Urinary System

  • The urinary system maintains blood homeostasis by filtering out excess fluid and other substances from the bloodstream and secreting waste.
  • Regulation of acid-base homeostasis and blood pH, a function shared with the respiratory system.
  • The primary function of the kidneys is to maintain a stable internal environment (homeostasis) for optimal cell and tissue metabolism.
  • Many hormones involved in homeostasis will alter the permeability of these tubules to change the amount of water that is retained by the body.
  • Besides ADH secretion, the renin-angiotensin feedback system is critically important to maintain blood volume and blood pressure homeostasis.

• Developmental Changes in Fluids

  • Since diseases, such as hypertension, can be traced to fetal origin, it is important to understand the development of fetal regulatory mechanisms for body fluid homeostasis in this early stage of life.
  • The hypothalamic-neurohypophysial system plays a fundamental role in the maintenance of body fluid homeostasis by secreting arginine vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OT) in response to a variety of signals, including osmotic and non-osmotic stimuli.
  • It is well established that central cholinergic mechanisms are critical in the regulation of cardiovascular responses and maintenance of body fluid homeostasis in adults.

• Sodium, Electrolytes, and Fluid Balance

  • Electrolytes play a vital role in maintaining homeostasis within the body.
  • Electrolytes play a vital role in maintaining homeostasis within the body.

• Life Functions

  • An organism is a living system capable of growth, reproduction,metabolism, response to stimuli, adaptation and homeostasis.
  • Nonliving things are not capable of growth, reproduction, response to stimuli, adaptation, or homeostasis.
  • They are capable of reproduction (within a host) and adaptation, but they are not capable of homeostasis or metabolic functions.

• Autonomic Interactions

  • The sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic nervous systems cooperatively modulate internal physiology to maintain homeostasis.
  • More generally, these two systems should be seen as permanently modulating vital functions, usually in an antagonistic fashion, to achieve homeostasis.