Examples of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease in the following topics:
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- Variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease (vCJD) is a fatal neurological disorder which is caused by prions.
- Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, or CJD, is a degenerative neurological disorder (brain disease) that is incurable and invariably fatal.
- However, given that BSE is believed to be the cause of variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (vCJD) in humans, the two are often confused.
- The prion that is believed to cause Creutzfeldt–Jakob exhibits at least two stable conformations.
- The brown staining is for the prion protein responsible for variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease prion.
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- A pathogen or infectious agent is a microorganism such as a virus, bacterium, prion, or fungus that causes disease in its host.
- Their theory was developed to explain the discovery that the mysterious infectious agent causing the diseases scrapie and Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease resisted ionizing radiation.
- Fungi are the most common cause of diseases in crops and other plants.
- Some eukaryotic organisms, such as protists and helminths, cause disease.
- These abnormally-folded proteins are found characteristically in some diseases such as scrapie, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (mad cow disease), and Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease.
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- Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), commonly known as mad cow disease, is a fatal neurodegenerative disease in cattle that causes a spongy degeneration in the brain and spinal cord .
- In humans, it is known as new variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (vCJD or nvCJD), and by October 2009, had killed 166 people in the United Kingdom and 44 elsewhere.
- The research shows, for the first time, that a 10-year-old cow from Alabama with an atypical form of bovine spongiform encephalopathy had the same type of prion protein gene mutation as found in human patients with the genetic form of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, also called genetic CJD, for short.
- This form of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is called variant CJD.
- The disease has progressed so far the animal cannot stand.
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- Even in Koch's time, it was recognized that infectious agents could be responsible for disease without fulfilling all of the postulates.
- Even in Koch's time, it was recognized that some infectious agents were clearly responsible for disease, even though they did not fulfill all of the postulates.
- Currently, a number of infectious agents are accepted as the cause of diseases despite their not fulfilling all of Koch's postulates.
- Asymptomatic or subclinical infection carriers are now known to be a common feature of many infectious diseases, especially viruses such as polio, herpes simplex, HIV, and hepatitis C.
- The second postulate may also be suspended for certain microorganisms or entities that cannot (at the present time) be grown in pure culture, such as prions responsible for Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease.
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- Prions are responsible for the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in a variety of mammals, including bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE, also known as "mad cow disease") in cattle and Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD) in humans.
- All known prion diseases affect the structure of the brain or other neural tissue, are currently untreatable and universally fatal.
- All known mammalian prion diseases are caused by the so-called prion protein, PrP.
- Fungal prions do not appear to cause disease in their hosts.
- But exponential growth of both PrPSc and of the quantity of infectious particles is observed during prion disease.
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- It may be as short as minutes to as long as thirty years in the case of variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease.
- Whichever is shorter depends on the disease.
- Depending on the disease, the person may or may not be contagious during the incubation period.
- Prodromes may be non-specific symptoms or, in a few instances, may clearly indicate a particular disease.
- Outline the stages of disease: incubation, prodromal, acute and convalescence periods