sodium dodecyl sulfate

(noun)

strong detergent agent used to reduce and unfold native protein.

Related Terms

Examples of sodium dodecyl sulfate in the following topics:

  • Immunoblot Procedures

    • Proteins are generally separated by size using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

  • Solubility Product Principle and Qualitative Analysis

    • Can either Ba2+ or Sr2+ be precipitated selectively with concentrated sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) solution?
    • With 0.010 $\frac{moles}{liter} $of Ba2+, precipitation of barium sulfate will not occur until the sulfate ion concentration increases to:
    • This signifies that as the sulfate ion (SO42-) is added to solution and its concentration increases, barium will precipitate first.

  • Predicting Precipitation Reactions

    • Sulfates (SO42-): All are soluble except lead (II) (Pb2+), barium (Ba2+), and calcium (Ca2+).
    • Imagine you have two test tubes and three solutions: copper (II) chloride (CuCl2) solution, sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) solution, and sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) solution.
    • You add 5 mL of sodium carbonate in tube 1.
    • You carefully add the sodium sulphate solution into tube 2.
    • Once again, the reactions where sodium sulfate and copper (II) chloride are the products can be excluded, since they were the initial reactants.

  • Ion Separation by Fractional Precipitation

    • Can either Ba2+ or Sr2+ be precipitated selectively with concentrated sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) solution?
    • To find the solution, consider that the barium sulfate (BaSO4) solubility is given by:
    • With 0.01 M of Ba2+, barium sulfate will not precipitate until the sulfate ion concentration increases to:
    • The Ksp for strontium sulfate (SrSO4) is 7.6 x 10-7.Strontium sulfate will precipitate when the sulfate concentration is:
    • If the sulfate ion is slowly added to the container containing both the Ba2+ and Sr2+ ions, the barium sulfate will precipitate first.

  • Salts that Produce Basic Solutions

    • The component ions in a salt can be inorganic; examples include chloride (Cl−), the organic acetate (CH3COO−), and monatomic fluoride (F−), as well as polyatomic ions such as sulfate (SO42−).
    • An example of a basic salt is sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3.
    • Because it is capable of deprotonating water and yielding a basic solution, sodium bicarbonate is a basic salt.
    • Sodium chloride, for instance, contains chloride (Cl-), which is the conjugate base of HCl.
    • Because the bicarbonate ion is the conjugate base of carbonic acid, a weak acid, sodium bicarbonate will yield a basic solution in water.

  • Adrenal Cortex

    • Aldosterone exerts its effects on the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct of the kidney where it causes increased reabsorption of sodium and increased excretion of both potassium (by principal cells) and hydrogen ions (by intercalated cells of the collecting duct).
    • Zona reticularis, is the inner most cortical layer; the zona reticularis produces androgens, mainly dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) DHEA sulfate (DHEA-S), and androstenedione (the precursor to testosterone) in humans.
    • Aldosterone is secreted in response to high extracellular potassium levels, low extracellular sodium levels, and low fluid levels and blood volume.
    • The reticularis also produces DHEA-sulfate due to the actions of a sulfotransferase, SULT2A1 .

  • Formulas of Ionic Compounds

    • On a macroscopic scale, ionic compounds, such as sodium chloride (NaCl), form a crystalline lattice and are solids at normal temperatures and pressures.
    • In the written form, while the cation name is generally the same as the element, the suffix of single-atom anions is changed to -ide, as in the case of sodium chloride.
    • If the anion is a polyatomic ion, its suffix can vary, but is typically either -ate or -ite,as in the cases of sodium phosphate and calcium nitrite, depending on the identity of the ion.

  • Gas Evolution Reactions

    • Nitric acid reacts with sodium carbonate to form sodium nitrate, carbon dioxide, and water:
    • Sulfuric acid reacts with calcium carbonate to form calcium sulfate, carbon dioxide, and water:
    • On the left, a solution of hydrochloric acid has been added to a solution of sodium carbonate to generate $CO_2(g)$.
    • A small amount of sodium carbonate is added to the acid, and the tube is sealed with a rubber stopper.

  • Formulas of Ionic Compounds

    • When sodium donates a valence electron to fluorine to become sodium fluoride, that is an example of ionic bond formation.

  • Manganese

    • The most stable oxidation state (oxidation number) for manganese is 2+, which has a pale pink color, and many manganese(II) compounds are common, such as manganese(II) sulfate (MnSO4) and manganese(II) chloride (MnCl2).
    • The oxidation state 5+ can be obtained if manganese dioxide is dissolved in molten sodium nitrite.
    • Potassium permanganate, sodium permanganate, and barium permanganate are all potent oxidizers.