monatomic

Examples of monatomic in the following topics:

• Constant Pressure

  • $U = \frac{3}{2}NkT$ for a monatomic gas, we get $\Delta U = \frac{3}{2} Nk \Delta T$
  • $Q = \frac{5}{2} N k \Delta T$ for monatomic gas in an isobaric process.
  • $c_P = \frac{5}{2} kN_A = \frac{5}{2} R$ for a monatomic gas.

• Internal Energy of an Ideal Gas

  • A monatomic gas is one in which atoms are not bound to each other.
  • Note that there are three degrees of freedom in monatomic gases: translation in x, y and z directions.
  • Helium, like other noble gases, is a monatomic gas, which often can be described by the ideal gas law.

• The Noble Gases (Group 18)

  • Noble gases are the six chemical elements of Group 18 of the periodic table, being monatomic and (with very limited exceptions) inert.
  • These gases all have similar properties under standard conditions: they are all odorless, colorless, monatomic gases with very low chemical reactivity.
  • In the case of Neon (Ne), for example, both the n = 1 and n = 2 shells are complete and therefore it is a stable monatomic gas under ambient conditions.
  • They are all monatomic gases under standard conditions, including those with larger atomic masses than many other elements that are solids under standard conditions.

• Photochemical Smog

  • Ultraviolet light can split nitrogen dioxide into nitric oxide and monatomic oxygen; this monatomic oxygen can then react with oxygen gas to form ozone.

• Polar Ozone Holes

  • Ultraviolet light splits oxygen gas (O2) to form monatomic oxygen (O) that can react with additional oxygen gas molecules to form ozone (O3).
  • The ozone produced can then go on to react with monatomic oxygen and re-form oxygen gas.

• Electron Configuration of Cations and Anions

  • Monatomic ions are formed by the addition or removal of electrons from an atom's valence shell.
  • The two notations are therefore exchangeable for monatomic ions, but the Roman numerals cannot be applied to polyatomic ions.

• Salts that Produce Basic Solutions

  • The component ions in a salt can be inorganic; examples include chloride (Cl−), the organic acetate (CH3COO−), and monatomic fluoride (F−), as well as polyatomic ions such as sulfate (SO42−).

• Adiabatic Processes

  • We also learned a monatomic ideal gas expands adiabatically.

• Overview of Temperature and Kinetic Theory

  • Also, the temperature of an ideal monatomic gas is a measure of the average kinetic energy of its atoms, as illustrated in .

• Substances that Exist as Gases

  • The group VIII elements (helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe) and radon (Rn)) exist as monatomic gases at standard temperature and pressure (STP) and are called the noble gases.
  • These gases, when grouped together with the monatomic noble gases are called "elemental gases. "