minimum inhibitory concentration

Examples of minimum inhibitory concentration in the following topics:

• Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)

  • Minimum Inhibitory Concentration is the lowest drug concentration that prevents visible microorganism growth after overnight incubation.
  • In microbiology, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is the lowest concentration of an antimicrobial (like an antifungal, antibiotic or bacteriostatic) drug that will inhibit the visible growth of a microorganism after overnight incubation.
  • The minimum inhibitory concentration of the antibiotic is between the concentrations of the last well in which no bacteria grew and the next lower dose, which allowed bacterial growth.
  • To identify the lowest concentration required for a given antibiotic to inhibit bacterial growth, an identical amount of bacteria is introduced into wells of liquid media containing progressively lower concentrations of the drug.
  • Because bacterial growth made the media in well E5 cloudy and the media in well E4 is indistinguishable from clear media, this indicates that the minimum inhibitory concentration is between the drug concentrations in wells E4 and E5.

• Antibiotic Classifications

  • The MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration) is the minimum concentration of drug which can kill 99.99% of the population.
  • High concentrations of some bacteriostatic agents are also bactericidal.
  • The MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) is the minimum concentration of drug which can inhibit the growth of the microorganism.

• Kirby-Bauer Disk Susceptibility Test

  • The size of a zone of inhibition in a KB test is inversely related to the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), which is the amount of antibiotic required to prevent bacterial growth in an overnight culture.

• The Role of the Basal Ganglia in Movement

  • Experimental studies show that the basal ganglia exert an inhibitory influence on a number of motor systems, and that a release of this inhibition permits a motor system to become active.
  • In the basal ganglia, however, the great majority of neurons uses gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) as the neurotransmitter and have inhibitory effects on their targets.
  • Although cholinergic cells make up only a small fraction of the total population, the striatum has one of the highest acetylcholine concentrations of any brain structure.
  • The + and - signs at the point of the arrows indicate whether the pathway is excitatory or inhibitory, respectively, in effect.
  • Green arrows refer to excitatory glutamatergic pathways, red arrows refer to inhibitory GABAergic pathways and turquoise arrows refer to dopaminergic pathways that are excitatory on the direct pathway and inhibitory on the indirect pathway.

• Factors that Affect Reaction Rate

  • Raising the concentrations of reactants makes the reaction happen at a faster rate.
  • With an increase in concentration, the number of molecules with the minimum required energy will increase, and therefore the rate of the reaction will increase.
  • By doubling the concentration, the rate of reaction has doubled as well.
  • The minimum energy needed for a reaction to proceed, known as the activation energy, stays the same with increasing temperature.
  • Explain how concentration, surface area, pressure, temperature, and the addition of catalysts affect reaction rate

• The Impact of the Office Environment on Employee Communication

  • The main purpose of an office environment is to support its occupants in performing their job at minimum cost and with maximum satisfaction.
  • The main purpose of an office environment is to support its occupants in performing their job, preferably at minimum cost and with maximum satisfaction.
  • Cubicle – A semi-enclosed space for one person, suitable for activities that demand medium concentration and medium interaction
  • Study booth – An enclosed space for one person, suitable for short-term activities that demand concentration or confidentiality
  • Touch down – An open space for one person, suitable for short-term activities that require little concentration and low interaction

• Lab: Descriptive Statistics

  • What does the shape of the box plot imply about the concentration of data?
  • How does the standard deviation help you to determine concentration of the data and whether or not there are potential outliers?

• Factors that Affect Germicidal Activity of Chemicals

  • Chlorhexidine Gluconate: A biguanidine derivative, used in concentrations of 0.5–4.0% alone or in lower concentrations in combination with other compounds, such as alcohols.
  • Octenidine dihydrochloride: A cationic surfactant and bis-(dihydropyridinyl)-decane derivative, used in concentrations of 0.1–2.0%.
  • Phenol is germicidal in strong solution, inhibitory in weaker ones.

• Antimicrobial Proteins

  • In general the antimicrobial activity of these peptides is determined by measuring the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), which is the lowest concentration of drug that inhibits bacterial growth, which is an indicator of the antimicrobial strength of that peptide.

• Biofilms

  • Microbes form a biofilm in response to many factors, including cellular recognition of specific or non-specific attachment sites on a surface, nutritional cues, or exposure of planktonic cells to sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics.
  • Nitric oxide has also been shown to trigger the dispersal of biofilms of several bacteria species at sub-toxic concentrations, so it shows potential for use in the treatment of patients that suffer from chronic infections caused by biofilms.