isotonic

Examples of isotonic in the following topics:

• Types of Muscle Contractions: Isotonic and Isometric

  • Isotonic contractions maintain constant tension in the muscle as the muscle changes length.
  • Isotonic muscle contractions can be either concentric or eccentric.
  • In contrast to isotonic contractions, isometric contractions generate force without changing the length of the muscle, common in the muscles of the hand and forearm responsible for grip.
  • An isotonic concentric contraction results in the muscle shortening, an isotonic eccentric contraction results in the muscle lengthening.

• Sodium, Electrolytes, and Fluid Balance

  • There are three types of dehydration: hypotonic or hyponatremic (primarily a loss of electrolytes, sodium in particular), hypertonic or hypernatremic (primarily a loss of water), and isotonic or isonatremic (equal loss of water and electrolytes).
  • In humans, the most common type of dehydration by far is isotonic (isonatraemic) dehydration which effectively equates with hypovolemia; but the distinction of isotonic from hypotonic or hypertonic dehydration may be important when treating people with dehydration.
  • Solutions used for intravenous rehydration must be isotonic or hypotonic.

• Water Balance Disorders

  • There are three types of dehydration that differ based on the type of change in ion concentrations: hypotonic (primarily a loss of electrolytes, sodium in particular), hypertonic (primarily a loss of water), and isotonic (equal loss of water and electrolytes).
  • Isotonic dehydration will not change plasma osmolarity, but it will reduce overall plasma volume.
  • Isotonic dehydration is the most common type of dehydration.
  • Solutions used for intravenous rehydration must be isotonic or hypotonic.

• Tonicity

  • Three terms—hypotonic, isotonic, and hypertonic—are used to relate the osmolarity of a cell to the osmolarity of the extracellular fluid that contains the cells .
  • In an isotonic solution, the extracellular fluid has the same osmolarity as the cell.
  • Blood cells and plant cells in hypertonic, isotonic, and hypotonic solutions take on characteristic appearances.
  • Cells in an isotonic solution retain their shape.
  • Osmotic pressure changes the shape of red blood cells in hypertonic, isotonic, and hypotonic solutions.

• Osmoregulators and Osmoconformers

  • Most marine invertebrates, on the other hand, may be isotonic with sea water (osmoconformers).
  • The shark's blood electrolyte composition is not similar to that of seawater, but maintains isotonicity with seawater by storing urea at high concentrations.

• Introduction to Osmoregulation

  • Isotonic cells have an equal concentration of solutes inside and outside the cell; this equalizes the osmotic pressure on either side of the semi-permeable membrane.
  • Response of red blood cells in hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic solutions
  • The blood maintains an isotonic environment so that cells neither shrink nor swell.

• Osmoregulation

  • There are three types of tonicity: hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic.
  • In an isotonic condition, the relative concentrations of solute and solvent are equal on both sides of the membrane.
  • Many marine invertebrates have internal salt levels matched to their environments, making them isotonic with the water in which they live.

• Osmotic Pressure

  • If the medium is isotonic — a solution with exactly the same water concentration as the cell — there will be no net movement of water across the cell membrane .

• Medical Solutions: Colligative Properties

  • There are medical solutions with a range of concentrations to ensure the cell maintains an isotonic environment.

• Osmotic Pressure

  • In an isotonic solution, water flows into the cell at the same rate it flows out.