group

Examples of group in the following topics:

• Functional Groups

  • Functional groups are atoms or small groups of atoms (two to four) that exhibit a characteristic reactivity when treated with certain reagents.
  • A particular functional group will almost always display its characteristic chemical behavior when it is present in a compound.
  • Because of their importance in understanding organic chemistry, functional groups have characteristic names that often carry over in the naming of individual compounds incorporating specific groups.
  • In the following table the atoms of each functional group are colored red and the characteristic IUPAC nomenclature suffix that denotes some (but not all) functional groups is also colored.

• Secondary Groups

  • Secondary groups are large groups whose relationships are impersonal and goal oriented; their relationships are temporary.
  • Unlike first groups, secondary groups are large groups whose relationships are impersonal and goal oriented.
  • In contrast to primary groups, secondary groups don't have the goal of maintaining and developing the relationships themselves.
  • He labeled groups as "primary" because people often experience such groups early in their life and such groups play an important role in the development of personal identity.
  • Primary groups can form within secondary groups as relationships become more personal and close.

• Primary and Secondary Groups

  • A Primary group is typically a small social group whose members share close, personal, enduring relationships.
  • Families and close friends are examples of primary groups
  • Secondary groups are large groups whose relationships are impersonal and goal-oriented.
  • People in a secondary group interact on a less personal level than in a primary group.
  • He labeled groups as "primary" because people often experience such groups early in their life and such groups play an important role in the development of personal identity.

• Primary Groups

  • A primary group is typically a small social group whose members share close, personal, enduring relationships.
  • A primary group is a group in which one exchanges implicit items, such as love, caring, concern, support, etc.
  • Examples of these would be family groups, love relationships, crisis support groups, and church groups.
  • A primary group is typically a small social group whose members share close, personal, enduring relationships.
  • Examples of these would be family groups, love relationships, crisis support groups, and church groups.

• Reference Groups

  • Reference groups are groups that consumers will look to for help in making purchasing decisions.
  • Reference groups are groups that consumers compare themselves to or associate with.
  • On the other hand, if a reference group disapproves of a product, those that associate with that group will probably not purchase the product.
  • Reference groups can be either formal or informal.
  • In the consumer world, this means that if a reference group purchases a product, those that associate with the group likely will as well.

• Defining Boundaries

  • Social groups are defined by boundaries.
  • Cultural sociologists define symbolic boundaries as "conceptual distinctions made by social actors…that separate people into groups and generate feelings of similarity and group membership. " In-groups, or social groups to which an individual feels he or she belongs as a member, and out-groups, or groups with which an individual does not identify, would be impossible without symbolic boundaries.
  • Where group boundaries are considered permeable (e.g., a group member may pass from a low status group into a high status group), individuals are more likely to engage in individual mobility strategies.
  • Here, without changing necessarily the objective resources of in the in-group or the out-group, low status in-group members are still able to increase their positive distinctiveness.
  • This may be achieved by comparing the in-group to the out-group on some new dimension, changing the values assigned to the attributes of the group, and choosing an alternative out-group by which to compare the in-group.

• Effects of Group Size on Attitude and Behavior

  • This makes sense if the size of the group has consequences for the way group members relate with each other.
  • Individual behavior deviates substantially in a group setting; therefore, it is difficult to determine group behavior by looking solely at the individuals that comprise the group.
  • Group attitudes and behavior depend upon several variables: size, structure, the purpose that the group serves, group development and various influences upon a group.
  • Group dynamics refers to a system of behaviors and psychological processes occurring within a social group or between social groups.
  • Sociologists study interactions within groups, and between both groups and individuals.

• Group Membership

  • Audience members who belong to the same group are likely to share values, beliefs, and attitudes with other members of the group.
  • The members of your audience may be from different groups or they may all be part of the same group.
  • Some group memberships involved selection by other group members and initiation into the group.
  • Secondary groups, in contrast to primary groups, are large groups involving formal and institutional relationships.
  • The formation of primary groups happens within secondary groups.

• Functional Groups

  • In organic chemistry, a functional group is a specific group of atoms or bonds within a compound that is responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of that compound.
  • Functional groups also play an important part in organic compound nomenclature; combining the names of the functional groups with the names of the parent alkanes provides a way to distinguish compounds.
  • Functional groups play a significant role in directing and controlling organic reactions.
  • Alcohols are a common functional group (-OH).
  • Define the term "functional group" as it applies to organic molecules

• In-Groups and Out-Groups

  • In-groups are social groups to which an individual feels he or she belongs, while an individual doesn't identify with the out-group.
  • In-group favoritism refers to a preference and affinity for one's in-group over the out-group or anyone viewed as outside the in-group.
  • The out-group homogeneity effect is one's perception of out-group members as more similar to one another than are in-group members, e.g.
  • "they are alike; we are diverse. " The out-group homogeneity effect has been found using a wide variety of different social groups, from political and racial groups to age and gender groups.
  • Recall two of the key features of in-group biases toward out-groups