abdominal peritoneum

Examples of abdominal peritoneum in the following topics:

• The Peritoneum

  • The peritoneum, the serous membrane that forms the lining of the abdominal cavity, covers most of the intra-abdominal organs.
  • The peritoneum is the serous membrane that forms the lining of the abdominal cavity or the coelom.
  • Remember not to confuse the abdominal cavity with the intraperitoneal space, which is in fact located within the abdominal cavity, and wrapped in peritoneum tissue.
  • The outer layer, called the parietal peritoneum, is attached to the abdominal wall.
  • Sagittal section through posterior abdominal wall, showing the kidney residing outside the peritoneum.

• Peritonitis

  • Peritonitis is an inflammation of the peritoneum, usually caused by an infectious organism that is introduced into the abdominal cavity.
  • Peritonitis is an inflammation of the peritoneum , the thin tissue that lines the inner wall of the abdomen and covers most of the abdominal organs.
  • The main manifestations of peritonitis are acute abdominal pain, abdominal tenderness, and abdominal guarding, which are exacerbated by moving the peritoneum by coughing, flexing one's hips, or eliciting the Blumberg sign.
  • The peritoneum, colored in blue, is the serous membrane that forms the lining of the abdominal cavity.
  • Peritonitis is an inflammation of the peritoneum often causing abdominal pain and tenderness.

• Intercostal Nerves

  • The intercostal nerves are distributed chiefly to the thoracic pleura and abdominal peritoneum.
  • The anterior divisions of the seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, and eleventh thoracic intercostal nerves are continued anteriorly from the intercostal spaces into the abdominal wall; hence they are named thoraco-abdominal nerves or thoracicoabdominal intercostal nerves.
  • The twelfth (subcostal) thoracic nerve is distributed to the abdominal wall and groin.

• Body Cavity Membranes

  • The mesothelium is a membrane that forms the lining of several body cavities: the pleura (thoracic cavity), peritoneum (abdominal cavity including the mesentery) and pericardium (heart sac).
  • The peritoneum is the serous membrane that forms the lining of the abdominal cavity or the coelom—it covers most of the intra-abdominal (or coelomic) organs—in amniotes and some invertebrates (annelids, for instance).
  • The peritoneum both supports the abdominal organs and serves as a conduit for their blood and lymph vessels and nerves.The abdominal cavity (the space bounded by the vertebrae, abdominal muscles, diaphragm and pelvic floor) should not be confused with the intraperitoneal space (located within the abdominal cavity, but wrapped in peritoneum).
  • The structures within the intraperitoneal space are called "intraperitoneal" (e.g. the stomach), the structures in the abdominal cavity that are located behind the intraperitoneal space are called "retroperitoneal" (e.g. the kidneys), and those structures below the intraperitoneal space are called "subperitoneal" or "infraperitoneal" (e.g. the bladder).

• Location and External Anatomy of the Kidneys

  • The kidneys are located at the rear wall of the abdominal cavity and they are protected by the ribcage.
  • The asymmetry within the abdominal cavity caused by the liver typically results in the right kidney being slightly lower than the left, and left kidney being located slightly more medial than the right.
  • The kidneys are located at the rear wall of the abdominal cavity just above the waistline and are protected by the ribcage.
  • They are considered retroperitoneal, which means that they lie behind the peritoneum, the membrane lining of the abdominal cavity.

• Body Cavities

  • It is generally divided into the abdominal and pelvic cavities.
  • The abdominal cavity is not contained within bone and houses many organs of the digestive and renal systems, as well as some organs of the endocrine system, such as the adrenal glands.
  • The abdominopelvic cavity is lined by a type of mesothelium called the peritoneum.
  • Humans have multiple body cavities, including the cranial cavity, the vertebral cavity, the thoracic cavity (containing the pericardial cavity and the pleural cavity), the abdominal cavity, and the pelvic cavity.
  • In mammals, the diaphragm separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity.

• Uterus

  • It is covered by a sheet-like fold of peritoneum, the broad ligament.
  • Increased intra-abdominal pressure pushes it downwards.
  • The perimetrium is the peritoneum covering of the fundus and ventral and dorsal aspects of the uterus.
  • Secondarily, it is supported by ligaments and the peritoneum (broad ligament of uterus).

• Abdominal Aorta

  • The abdominal aorta is the largest artery in the abdominal cavity and supplies blood to most of the abdominal organs.
  • The abdominal aorta is the largest artery in the abdominal cavity.
  • The abdominal aorta runs parallel to the inferior vena cava, located just to the right of the abdominal aorta.
  • The abdominal aorta lies slightly to the left of the midline of the body.
  • The abdominal aorta supplies blood to much of the abdominal cavity through numerous branches that become smaller in diameter as it descends.

• Oxytocin and Childbirth

  • At this point, if necessary, the birth attendant may perform an episiotomy, which is a small surgical incision in the peritoneum.
  • Cesarean section, or C-section, is the delivery of a baby through a surgical abdominal incision (Abdominal delivery - Abdominal birth - Cesarean section).

• Histology of the Large Intestine

  • From here it continues up the abdomen, across the width of the abdominal cavity, and then it turns downward, continuing to its endpoint at the anus.
  • Along the sides of the taeniae, tags of peritoneum filled with fat, called epiploic appendages, or appendices epiploicae, are found.