Examples of specie in the following topics:
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- The government had borrowed heavily to finance the War of 1812, which caused tremendous strain on the banks' reserves of specie, or “hard money” usually in the form of gold and silver coins.
- During the war, the Bank of the United States had suspended payments in specie.
- The newly chartered banks also adopted this practice, issuing banknotes in excess of the amount of specie in their vaults.
- If large numbers of people, or banks that had loaned money to other banks, began to demand specie payments, the banking system would collapse, because there was no longer enough specie to support the amount of paper money the banks had put into circulation.
- He acquiesced in suspending specie payments to bank depositors, setting a precedent for the Panics of 1837 and 1857.
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- On May 10, 1837, every bank in New York City began to accept payment only in specie ("hard money," usually in the form of gold and silver coinage), forcing a dramatic, deflationary backlash.
- The U.S. government borrowed heavily to finance the War of 1812, which caused tremendous strain on the banks' reserves of specie (gold and silver), leading to a suspension of specie payments in 1814.
- During his term, Jackson created the Specie Circular by executive order and refused to renew the charter of Second Bank of the United States, leading government funds to be withdrawn from the bank.
- Jackson was motivated by the concern that the government was selling land for state bank notes of questionable value and that the bank was issuing excessive paper money unbacked by specie reserves.
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- The U.S. government borrowed heavily to finance the War of 1812, which caused tremendous strain on the banks' reserves of specie (gold and silver) leading to a suspension of specie payments in 1814.
- In May 1837, banks began to accept payment only in specie, forcing a dramatic, deflationary backlash.
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- Over the course of thousands of years, American indigenous peoples domesticated, bred and cultivated a large array of plant species.
- These species now constitute 50–60% of all crops in cultivation worldwide.
- A diffusion by human agents has been put forward to explain the pre-Columbian presence in Oceania of several cultivated plant species native to South America, such as the bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) or sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas).
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- Congress used four main methods for financing the war, which cost about 66 million dollars in specie (gold and silver).
- The bonds were redeemed in 1791 at face value, but the scheme raised very little money since Americans had little specie, and many of the rich merchants were supporters of the Crown.
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- In 1775 there was at most 12 million dollars in gold in the colonies, which was not nearly enough to cover current transactions, let alone a major war; in the end, the war effort cost about 66 million dollars in specie (gold and silver).
- The bonds were in fact redeemed in 1791 at face value, but the scheme raised little money because Americans had little specie, and many of the rich merchants were supporters of the Crown.
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- The national debt rose from $45 million in 1812 to $127 million by the end of 1815, although by selling bonds and treasury notes at deep discounts—and often for irredeemable paper money due to the suspension of specie payment in 1814—the government received only $34 million worth of specie.
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- He pointed out how, in numerous animal societies, the struggle between separate individuals for the means of existence disappears, how struggle is replaced by co-operation, and how that substitution results in the development of intellectual and moral faculties which secure for the species the best conditions for its survival.
- It may be that at the outset Darwin himself was not fully aware of the generality of the factor which he first invoked; that is, the factor for explaining only one series of facts relative to the accumulation of individual variations in incipient species.
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- Around this time, more mainstream environmentalism was starting to show force with the signing of the Endangered Species Act in 1973 and the formation of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) in 1975.
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- The price of gold on the New York exchange fell to $130 per ounce—the lowest point since the suspension of specie payment in 1862.
- Following in line with the Republican Party national platform of 1868, Secretary Boutwell advocated that the national debt must be reduced and the United States return to a gold specie economy.