Nineteenth Amendment

Examples of Nineteenth Amendment in the following topics:

• Social Justice

  • In 1919, the Senate approved the Nineteenth Amendment by 56 to 25 after four hours of debate, during which Democratic Senators opposed to the amendment filibustered to prevent a roll call until their absent senators could be protected by pairs.
  • It was ratified by sufficient states in 1920, officially becoming the Nineteenth Amendment, which prohibited state or federal sex-based restrictions on voting.

• The Progressive Era

  • The Eighteenth Amendment, passed in late 1917, banned the manufacturing, sale, and transport of alcohol, while the Nineteenth Amendment, passed in 1919, gave women the right to vote.
  • Popularly known as the "Anthony Amendment" and introduced by Senator Aaron A.
  • Sargent (R-CA), it became the Nineteenth Amendment to the U.S.

• Women's Activism

  • "First-wave feminism" refers to a period of feminist activity during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in the United Kingdom, Canada, the Netherlands, and the United States.
  • The end of the first wave is often linked with the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment to the U.S.
  • "Mother" Jones was ideologically separated from many of the other female activists in the days prior to the Nineteenth Amendment due to her aversion to female suffrage.

• Features of Progressivism

  • Disturbed by the waste, inefficiency, and corruption of the late nineteenth century, Progressivism was committed to reforming every facet of the state, society and economy.
  • The Seventeenth Amendment was ratified in 1913, requiring that all senators be elected by the people, instead of by state legislatures.
  • In 1913, the Sixteenth Amendment was ratified, and a small income tax imposed on high incomes.
  • The Eighteenth Amendment banned the manufacturing, sale and transport of alcohol.

• Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, and the Movement for Women's Suffrage

  • Women's suffrage in the United States was achieved gradually, at state and local levels, during the late 19th century and early 20th century, culminating in 1920 with the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution which gave women the right to vote.
  • Their object was to secure an amendment to the Constitution in favor of women's suffrage, and they opposed passage of the Fifteenth Amendment unless it was changed to guarantee to women the right to vote.
  • After the American Civil War, both Stanton and Anthony broke with their abolitionist backgrounds and lobbied strongly against ratification of the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments to the US Constitution, which granted African American men the right to vote.
  • In the decade following ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment, both Stanton and Anthony increasingly took the position, first advocated by Victoria Woodhull, that the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments actually did give women the right to vote.
  • They argued that the Fourteenth Amendment, which defined citizens as "all persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof," included women and that the Fifteenth Amendment provided all citizens with the right to vote.

• The Prohibition Movement

  • Her influence was instrumental in the passage of the Eighteenth (Prohibition) and Nineteenth (Women Suffrage) Amendments to the U.S.
  • Prohibition was mandated under the Eighteenth Amendment to the U.S.
  • The Eighteenth Amendment was repealed on December 5, 1933, with ratification of the Twenty-first Amendment to the U.S.
  • During the nineteenth century, alcoholism, drug abuse, gambling addiction, and a variety of other social ills and abuses led to activism targeted at curing the perceived problems in society.
  • Among other things, this led many communities in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century to introduce alcohol prohibition, with the subsequent enforcement in law becoming a hotly debated issue.

• The Women's Rights Movement

  • The resulting scandal, and its negative impact on the country's international reputation at a time when Wilson was trying to build a reputation for himself and the nation as an international leader in human rights, may have contributed to Wilson's decision to publicly call for the United States Congress to pass the Suffrage Amendment.
  • After the ratification of the nineteenth amendment in 1920, the NWP turned its attention to eliminating other forms of gender discrimination, principally by advocating passage of the Equal Rights Amendment, which Paul drafted in 1923.
  • Evaluate how the actions of the National Women's Party pressured Wilson to support the Suffrage Amendment

• The Reconstruction Amendments

  • The Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S.
  • The Fourteenth Amendment, adopted on July 9, 1868, was the second of three Reconstruction Amendments.
  • The Fifteenth Amendment to the U.S.
  • Supreme Court decisions in the late nineteenth century interpreted the amendment narrowly.
  • The Fourteenth Amendment, depicted here, allowed for the incorporation of the First Amendment against the states.

• Laissez-Faire and the Supreme Court

  • Supreme Court case that held that the notion of a "liberty of contract" was implicit in the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
  • Lochner's appeal was based on the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution, which provides the following: "... nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law."
  • Sandford (1857), the Supreme Court established that the Due Process Clause (found in both the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments) is not merely a procedural guarantee, but also a substantive limitation on the type of control the government may exercise over individuals.
  • Although this interpretation of the Due Process Clause is a controversial one, it had become firmly embedded in American jurisprudence by the end of the nineteenth century.
  • He also attacked the idea that the Fourteenth Amendment protected the unbridled liberty of contract, writing that, "[t]he Fourteenth Amendment does not enact Mr.

• Slavery in the Antebellum Period

  • Slavery was a form of forced labor existing as a legal institution from the colonial period until the mid-nineteenth century.
  • From the sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries, an estimated 12 million Africans were shipped as slaves to the Americas.
  • The labor-intensive agricultural economies of the South during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries were dependent upon the continued institution of slavery.
  • By December 1865, the Thirteenth Amendment took effect, permanently abolishing slavery throughout the entire United States with no compensation for the former slaves’ owners.