alternating current

Examples of alternating current in the following topics:

• The Inventions of the Telephone and Electricity

  • When the undulatory current passed through the coil of this electromagnet, the disc vibrated, thereby creating sound waves in the air.
  • In 1882, generation was with direct current (DC), which could not easily be increased in voltage for long-distance transmission.
  • Due to this specialization of lines and because transmission was inefficient for low-voltage high-current circuits, generators needed to be near their loads.
  • The transmission of electric power with alternate current (AC) became possible in 1881 after Lucien Gaulard and John Dixon Gibbs built what they called the "secondary generator," an early transformer provided with 1:1 turn ratio and open magnetic circuit.
  • George Westinghouse became an adversary of Edison when he promoted the direct current (DC) for electric power distribution instead of the more easily transmitted alternating current (AC) system invented by Nikola Tesla and promoted by Westinghouse.

• Education and the Professions

  • Westinghouse was supported by Nikola Tesla, who developed alternating current long distance transmission networks.

• Tariff Reform

  • However, Congress accepted an alternative bill, proposed by Nelson Aldrich, which lowered the tariff on only a few imported items and increased it on many other products.
  • Although the Payne-Aldrich Act did very little to the current status of tariffs, it angered many Democrats, Progressives, and progressive Republicans because it did not solve the tariff issue.

• Pragmatism

  • Peirce was concerned with inference to explanatory hypotheses as outside the usual foundational alternative between deductivist rationalism and inductivist empiricism—though he himself was a mathematical logician and a founder of statistics.
  • As a method conducive to hypotheses, predictions, and testing, pragmatism leads beyond the usual duo of foundational alternatives:

• The Republican Alternative

• Confederate Politics

  • The lack of a functioning two-party system prevented the formulation of any effective alternatives to the conduct of the war by the Davis administration.

• Mill Towns and Company Towns

  • In the 20th century, alternatives to water power were developed and it became more profitable for companies to manufacture textiles in southern states where cotton was grown and winters did not require significant heating costs.

• The Hartford Convention

  • At the Hartford Convention of 1814, New England Federalists met to discuss their grievances over current events.
  • This changed public sentiment toward the current administration and discredited the complaints of the Federalists, contributing to their final downfall as a major national political force.

• Youth Culture and Delinquency

  • This unprecedented gathering of young people is often considered to have been a social experiment because of the alternative lifestyles that became common.
  • As members of the hippie movement grew older and moderated their lives and their views, and especially after U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War ended in the mid-1970s, the counterculture was largely absorbed by the mainstream, leaving a lasting impact on philosophy, morality, music, art, alternative health and diet, lifestyle, and fashion.

• Slavery and Empire

  • Drawing on ancient Greek and Roman history, pro-slavery defenders noted that enslaving prisoners of war was an acceptable alternative to execution—once an enemy had surrendered, it was believed to be the victor's right to claim the life of their enemy through death or enslavement.
  • By the 19th century, many southern farmers found that natural increase was a viable alternative to importation in order to replenish their slave populations.