New Urbanism

Examples of New Urbanism in the following topics:

• Urban Decline

  • San Antonio, Texas is an example of a U.S. city that formally adopted the precepts of New Urbanism in an attempt to eradicate urban decline.
  • Many cities used city taxes to build new infrastructure in remote, racially-restricted suburban towns.
  • The current response to urban decay has been positive public policy and urban design using the principles of New Urbanism.
  • New Urbanism is an urban design movement that promotes walkable neighborhoods that contain a range of housing and professional options.
  • They have since been demolished and the land is being redeveloped under a policy of New Urbanism.

• Models of Urban Growth

  • Harlem, New York is an example of a neighborhood with a long history of urban growth and decay.
  • In recent years, various organizations have sought to renew the neighborhood by encouraging the development of new residences and businesses.
  • Two specific types of urban renewal programs—New Urbanism and smart growth—attempt to make cities more pleasant and livable.
  • New Urbanism is an urban design movement that promotes walkable neighborhoods with a range of housing options and job types.
  • A neighborhood designed along New Urbanist principles would have a discernible center (such as a square or a green) with a transit stop nearby.

• New Social Movement theories

• New Social Movements

  • New social movements focus on issues related to human rights, rather than on materialistic concerns, such as economic development.
  • Firstly, the rise of the post-industrial economy is responsible for a new wave of social movement.
  • It is clearly elaborated by Habermas that new social movements are the "new politics" which is about quality of life, individual self-realization, and human rights; whereas the "old politics" focused on economic, political, and military security.
  • Hence, new social movements are understood as "new," because they are first and foremost social, unlike older movements which mostly have an economic basis.
  • As stated by Offe, the new middle class has evolved in association with the old one in the new social movements because of its high levels of education and its access to information and resources.

• Deviance and Technology

  • Advances in technology have resulted in new forms of deviance as well as new forms of control.
  • As technology has opened up a new space for cyberculture, new forms of deviance and social control have appeared.
  • In addition to new forms of deviance in traditional cultural mores, new forms of deviance have arisen within cyberculture.
  • New technologies result in new standards of how to engage with them.
  • Just as new forms of deviance have come about as a result of technological advances, so too have new means of controlling deviant populations.

• New State Spaces

  • New state spaces are redefining borders, and they may not be ruled by national governments.
  • This branch of sociology defines new state spaces as geographical spaces that are not governed simply by national governments.
  • A global city is a city that is central to the global economic system, such as New York or London.
  • Another example of a new state space is seen in regional and international governments such as the European Union.
  • New state spaces are evolving at both the local level (global cities) and the international level (the European Union).

• Culture Shock

  • During the honeymoon phase, the differences between the old and new culture are seen in a romantic light.
  • During the first few weeks, most people are fascinated by the new culture.
  • This period is full of observations and new discoveries.
  • People adjusting to a new culture often feel lonely and homesick because they are not yet used to the new environment and meet people with whom they are not familiar every day.
  • One knows what to expect in most situations and the host country no longer feels all that new.

• Workplace

  • The workplace performs its socialization process through onboarding, through which employees acquire skills to adjust to their new role.
  • This is the mechanism through which new employees acquire the necessary knowledge, skills and behaviors to become effective organizational members.
  • This is because seasoned employees can draw from past experiences to help them adjust to their new work settings.
  • Information seeking occurs when new employees ask questions in an effort to learn about the company's norms, expectations, procedures and policies.
  • This can be achieved informally through talking to their new peers during a coffee break, or through more formal means like pre-arranged company events.

• Modernization and Technology

  • Modernization deals with social change from agrarian societies to industrial ones, with new technologies playing an important role.
  • New technology is a major source of social change.
  • New technologies do not change societies by themselves.
  • Frequently, a new technology will be recognized but not put to use for a very long time.
  • As a result of these developments, new factories sprung up everywhere and production shifted from homes or small workshops to factories.

• The Role of the Media

  • In 1950, the idea of gatekeeping was officially applied to news.
  • David Manning White looked at the factors an editor takes into consideration when deciding which news will make the paper and which news will not.
  • As it happened, he retained all copy (news stories) that he rejected from the paper.
  • These considerations fit with what we call news norms today: objective decisions about what is fit to print.
  • The Internet has provided a means for newspapers and other media organizations to deliver news and, significantly, the means to look up old news.