urban renewal

Examples of urban renewal in the following topics:

• The Potential of Urban Revitalization

  • Urban revitalization is hailed by many as a solution to the problems of urban decline by, as the term suggests, revitalizing decaying urban areas.
  • Urban revitalization is closely related to processes of urban renewal, or programs of land redevelopment in areas of moderate- to high-density urban land use.
  • Title I of the Housing Act of 1949 kick-started the urban renewal program that would reshape American cities.
  • Urban renewal can have many positive effects.
  • Replenished housing stock might signify an improvement in quality; urban renewal may increase density and reduce sprawl, and it might have economic benefits that improve the economic competitiveness of the city's center.

• Models of Urban Growth

  • Around the 1920s, Harlem was associated with the Harlem Renaissance, a period of concentrated artistic and cultural innovation and rising standards of living that might now be considered an era of urban renewal.
  • In recent years, various organizations have sought to renew the neighborhood by encouraging the development of new residences and businesses.
  • Cities have responded to urban decay and urban sprawl by launching urban renewal programs.
  • Two specific types of urban renewal programs—New Urbanism and smart growth—attempt to make cities more pleasant and livable.
  • Smart growth programs draw urban growth boundaries to keep urban development dense and compact.

• Urban Decline

  • But what causes urban decay?
  • In some ways, urban decline is an inevitable result of urbanity itself.
  • Economic decline tends to lead to urban decline.
  • The current response to urban decay has been positive public policy and urban design using the principles of New Urbanism.
  • Louis were built under a policy of urban renewal intended to provide affordable housing, but soon turned into a site of urban blight.

• Urban Politics

  • The New Deal of the 1930s and the Great Society of the 1960s gave the Democratic Party access to new funds and programs for housing, slum clearance, urban renewal, and education, through which the party could dispense patronage and maintain control of the city.

• Urban Gentrification

  • Renewed business attracts more investment capital and new residents, increasing local property values.
  • To meet the demand, urban areas had to be "recycled," or gentrified.
  • These policies enabled black families to move out of urban centers and into the suburbs, thus decreasing the availability of suburban land, while integrationist policies encouraged white movement into traditionally black urban areas.
  • It may be the result of fluctuating relationships between capital investments and the production of urban space.
  • Developers were able to see that they could purchase the devalued urban land, redevelop the properties, and turn a profit.

• Social Trends

  • Industrialization resulted in the urbanization of America, with immigration fueling the growth.
  • The Third Great Awakening was a period of renewal in evangelical Protestantism from the late 1850s to the 1900s.

• Japanese Art after World War II

  • After World War II, Japanese artists became preoccupied with the mechanisms of urban life and moved from abstraction to anime-influenced art.
  • The arts of the Edo and prewar periods (1603-1945) had been supported by merchants and urban people, but they were not as popular as the arts of the postwar period.
  • After World War II, painters, calligraphers, and printmakers flourished in the big cities—particularly Tokyo—and became preoccupied with the mechanisms of urban life, reflected in the flickering lights, neon colors, and frenetic pace of their abstractions.
  • Many Japanese-style painters were honored with awards and prizes as a result of renewed popular demand for Japanese-style art beginning in the 1970s.

• U.S. Urban Patterns

  • Census Bureau classifies areas as urban or rural based on population size and density.
  • Boise, Idaho is an example of an urban area that is officially defined as urban by U.S.
  • Department of Agriculture tallied over 98,000,000 acres of "urban" land.
  • Urban areas are delineated without regard to political boundaries.
  • In the United States, the largest urban area is New York City, with over 8 million people within the city limits and over 19 million in the urban area.

• Social Interaction in Urban Areas

  • The first is an urban ecology model in which the social scientist considers how individuals interact with others in their urban community.
  • Simmel argues that urban life irreversibly transforms one's mind.
  • The first set asks how social interactions are shaped by urban environments and how social interactions in urban environments are distinct from social interactions in other contexts.
  • These are the types of questions asked by Simmel and urban anthropologists.
  • This changes one's orientation to the urban community.

• Sociological Perspectives on Urban Life

  • Urban sociology is the study of social life and interactions in urban areas, using methods ranging from statistical analysis to ethnography.
  • This is one of the earliest examples of a subcultural study that explained the organization of urban subgroups as opposed to strictly highlighting the disorganization that accompanied urbanization.
  • Urban ecology refers to an idea that emerged out of the Chicago School that likens urban organization to biological organisms.
  • Urban ecology has remained an influential theory in both urban sociology and urban anthropology over time.
  • Explain urbanization in terms of functionalism and what the Chicago School understood to be some of the causes of urban social problems at that time