organization

Examples of organization in the following topics:

• Organization

  • After the brain has decided which of the millions of stimuli it will attend to, it needs to organize the information that it has taken in.
  • Below is a discussion of some of the different ways we organize stimuli.
  • The central principle of gestalt psychology is that the mind forms a global whole with self-organizing tendencies.
  • A special part of our brain known as the fusiform face area (FFA) is dedicated to the recognition and organization of people.
  • Compare various ways attended stimuli can be organized in the mind

• Specific Learning Disorder

  • Dyscalculia is a form of math-related disability that involves difficulties with learning math-related concepts (such as quantity, place value, and time), memorizing math-related facts, organizing numbers, and understanding how problems are organized on the page.
  • Individuals with dysgraphia typically show multiple writing-related deficiencies, such as grammatical and punctuation errors within sentences, poor paragraph organization, multiple spelling errors, and excessively poor penmanship.
  • Dysgraphia is often characterized by grammatical and punctuation errors within sentences, poor paragraph organization, multiple spelling errors, and excessively poor penmanship.

• Cannon–Bard Theory of Emotion

  • The optic thalamus, in particular, is a region that contains the neural organizations for different emotional expressions.
  • An individual's sensory organs take in an emotional stimulus, and then information about that stimulus is relayed to the cerebral cortex.

• Introduction to Industrial and Organizational Psychology

  • Industrial and organizational psychology is the scientific study of employees, workplaces, and organizations.
  • The industrial aspect focuses on improving, evaluating, and predicting job performance, while the organizational aspect focuses on how organizations impact and interact with individuals.
  • Collectively, industrial and organizational psychology is the scientific study of employees, workplaces, and organizations.
  • In 1973, "organizational" was added to the name to emphasize the fact that when an individual joins an organization (e.g., the employer), he or she will be exposed to a common goal and a common set of operating procedures.
  • I–O psychologists also help organizations make effective transitions among periods of change and development.

• The Role of Genes in Prenatal Development

  • This lifespan development is organized into different stages based on age.
  • Prenatal development is also organized into trimesters: the first trimester ends with the end of the embryonic stage, the second trimester ends at week 20, and the third trimester ends at birth.
  • Gene expression is carefully regulated in every organism to allow the organism to adapt to differing conditions.
  • The expression of genetic information in a given cell or organism is neither random nor fully pre-programmed.
  • Other cells will become the lining of the stomach, the intestines, and the sexual reproductive organs.

• Introducing the Perception Process

  • Our brains engage in a three-step process when presented with stimuli: selection, organization, and interpretation.
  • Then, we organize the elements in our brain.
  • Some individuals organize the dark parts of the image as the foreground and the light parts as the background, while others have the opposite interpretation.
  • Interpretation simply means that we take the information that we have sensed and organized and turn it into something that we can categorize.
  • In this famous optical illusion, your interpretation of this image as a duck or a rabbit depends on how you organize the information that you attend to.

• Prenatal Brain Development

  • Prenatal development is also organized into three equal trimesters, which do not correspond with the three stages.
  • As the cells divide, they become more specialized, forming different organs and body parts.
  • Upon implantation, this multi-cellular organism is called an embryo.
  • When the organism is about nine weeks old, the embryo is called a fetus.
  • During this same time, the sex organs begin to differentiate.

• Basic Principles of Operant Conditioning: Thorndike's Law of Effect

  • According to the law of effect, behaviors that are followed by consequences that are satisfying to the organism are more likely to be repeated, and behaviors that are followed by unpleasant consequences are less likely to be repeated.
  • Essentially, if an organism does something that brings about a desired result, the organism is more likely to do it again.
  • If an organism does something that does not bring about a desired result, the organism is less likely to do it again.

• The Endocrine System

  • Steroids are frequently secreted from sexual organs.
  • Testosterone: produced in sex organs (ovaries, testes) and adrenal glands; sometimes called the "male hormone" (though it is present in both men and women); affects libido, muscle growth.
  • Estrogen: produced in sex organs; sometimes called "the female hormone" (though like testosterone it is found in both sexes); has an entire host of homeostatic and regulatory functions.
  • Progesterone: produced in sex organs, or the placenta when pregnant; can support pregnancy and has other regulatory functions.
  • While steroid hormones are produced mainly in vertebrates, the physiological role of the HPA axis and corticosteroids in stress response is so fundamental that analogous systems can be found in invertebrates and monocellular organisms as well.

• Defining Thoughts

  • Thinking is helpful to any organism with needs, objectives, and desires, as it makes plans or otherwise attempts to accomplish its goals.
  • Internal representations are gradually organized into logical structures, which first operate on the concrete properties of the environment, in the stage of concrete operations.
  • Then, in the stage of formal operations, these logical structures operate on abstract principles that organize concrete properties.