Examples of social contract in the following topics:
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- True, social contract theorists have argued that government is a voluntary association, as if it were a voluntary association, or ought to be a voluntary association.
- Social contract theory has been influential in America ever since the "Mayflower Compact".
- However, contract theorists have always foundered on the fact that not everybody subject to a government consents, or has consented, to be governed by it.
- A contract, like any other voluntary association, requires mutual consent of all the parties, not just a majority of them.
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- There are different conceptions of liberty, which articulate the relationship of individuals to society in varying ways, including some which relate to life under a "social contract" or to existence in a "state of nature," and some which see the active exercise of freedom and rights as essential to liberty.
- The concept of liberty plays a very important role in social contract theory, particularly in its discussion of sovereignty and natural rights.
- Within the context of social liberty, the British philosopher John Stuart Mill, in his work On Liberty, sought to define the "nature and limits of the power which can be legitimately exercised by society over the individual."
- The prevailing question thus becomes "how to make the fitting adjustment between individual independence and social control. "
- In addition, under the social contract, the people could instigate a revolution against the government when it acted against the interests of citizens, and replace it with one that would serve the interests of citizens.
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- Popular sovereignty in its modern sense, that is, including all the people and not just noblemen, is an idea that dates to the social contracts school (mid-17th to mid-18th centuries), represented by Thomas Hobbes (1588–1679), John Locke (1632–1704), and Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712–1778), author of The Social Contract, a prominent political work that clearly highlighted the ideals of "general will" and further matured the idea of popular sovereignty.
- Whether men were seen as naturally more prone to violence and rapine (Hobbes) or cooperation and kindness (Rousseau), the idea that a legitimate social order emerges only when the liberties and duties are equal among citizens binds the social contract thinkers to the concept of popular sovereignty.
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- Some social contract theorists try to resolve the problem by asserting that government is, in fact, a voluntary association.
- But there is no historical evidence of an "original" contract, and even if there were an original contract it could not—by the logic of contracts—bind later generations.
- Other social contract theorists, following Rousseau, argue that government ought to be a voluntary association.
- Says Benjamin Tucker (Benjamin Tucker, State Socialism and Libertarianism," in Irving L.
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- Following the Glorious Revolution, British political philosopher John Locke was a major influence expanding on the contract theory of government advanced by Thomas Hobbes .
- Government's duty under a social contract among the sovereign people was to serve them by protecting their rights.
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- The early liberal thinker John Locke, who is often credited with the creation of liberalism as a distinct philosophical tradition, employed the concept of natural rights and the social contract to argue that the rule of law should replace both tradition and absolutism in government; that rulers were subject to the consent of the governed; and that private individuals had a fundamental right to life, liberty, and property .
- Conversely social liberals adopted the Classical Liberal belief in defending social civil liberties.
- These theories came to be termed "liberal socialism", which is related with social democracy in Europe.
- Socialism formed as a group of related yet divergent ideologies in the 19th century such as Christian socialism, Communism and Social Anarchism.
- Several commentators have noted strong similarities between social liberalism and social democracy, with one political scientist even calling American liberalism "bootleg social democracy".
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- The authority of a contracting officer (the Government's agent) to contract on behalf of the Government is set forth in public documents (a warrant) that a person dealing with the contracting officer can review.
- The contracting officer has no authority to act outside of his or her warrant or to deviate from the laws and regulations controlling Federal Government contracts.
- The private contracting party is held to know the limitations of the contracting officer's authority, even if the contracting officer does not.
- This makes contracting with the United States a very structured and restricted process.
- Government must comply with the laws and regulations that permit it, and must be made by a contracting officer with actual authority to execute the contract.
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- Once something is someone's property, the usual rules of contract can be used to determine whether it has been duly transferred to somebody else.
- Government-as-trustee II, acting for the public, could lease selected portions of these resources to the highest bidder, and the net receipts disbursed in equal amounts to all members of the public in the form of a social dividend.
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- While international trade has been practiced throughout much of history, its economic, social, and political importance have become increasingly relevant in recent times, mainly due to industrialization, advanced transportation, globalization, the growth of multinational corporations, and outsourcing .
- The anti-globalization movement is considered a rather new and modern day social movement, as the issues it is fighting against are relevant in today's time.
- It is still one of the most significant and memorable social movement protests in the past 20 years.
- Issues currently associated with international trade are: intellectual property rights, in that creations of the mind for which exclusive rights are recognized in law are considered essential for economic growth; smuggling, especially as it relates to human and drug trafficking; outsourcing, the contracting out of business processes to another country, generally one with lower wages; fair trade, which promotes the use of labor, environmental, and social standards for the production of commodities; and trade sanctions, in which punitive economic measures are taken against a defaulting country.
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- The Republican Party, led by House Republican Minority Whip Newt Gingrich campaigning on the Contract with America, was elected to majorities to both houses of Congress in the Republican Revolution of 1994.
- In the 21st century, the Republican Party has been defined by social conservatism, a preemptive war foreign policy intended to defeat terrorism and promote global democracy, a more powerful executive branch, supply-side economics, support for gun ownership, and deregulation.
- The Republican Party includes fiscal conservatives, social conservatives, neoconservatives, moderates, and libertarians.