Examples of necrosis in the following topics:
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- Upon binding to a cell slated for killing, perforin forms pores in the cell membrane of the target cell, creating an aqueous channel through which the granzymes and associated molecules can enter, inducing either apoptosis or osmotic cell lysis, which is a form of cell necrosis.
- Apoptosis is a form of "programmed cell death" in which the cell is stimulated by the cytotoxic mechanisms to destroy itself, while cell lysis is a form of necrosis.
- Cellular lysis causes necrosis of that cell, in which the DNA and cell components degrade into debris that must be phagocytized by macrophages.
- NK cells work to control viral infections by secreting IFNγ (interferon gamma) and TNFα (tumor necrosis factor alpha).
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- Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) are cytokines that induce apoptosis in abnormal cells, such as tumor cells.
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- The mysium damage disrupts calcium homeostasis in the injured fiber and fiber bundles, resulting in necrosis that peaks about 48 hours after exercise.
- A further response to sarcomere damage is necrosis following damage to the mysium, which peaks about 48 hours following exercise.
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- Epithelial cell casts- associated with toxin induced actute tubular necrosis, hepatitis, and cytomegalovirus.
- (Heme) granular casts – associated with acute tubular necrosis, and are often composed of proteins especially antibodies.
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- Compartment syndrome is caused by the compression of tissues within a limb from swelling following an injury, resulting in tissue necrosis.
- Failure to relieve the pressure can result in necrosis of tissue in that compartment, since capillary perfusion will fall leading to increasing hypoxia of those tissues.
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- Moist skin is more sensitive to tissue ischemia and necrosis, and is also more likely to get infected.
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- The result of these effects is lipid peroxidation, which causes delayed reversible demyelinization of white matter in the central nervous system known as Grinker myelinopathy, which can lead to edema and necrosis within the brain.
- Hallmark pathological changes following poisoning are bilateral necrosis of the white matter, globus pallidus, cerebellum, hippocampus, and the cerebral cortex.
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- Severe pancreatitis has high mortality rates, especially where the pancreatic enzymes have begun to kill off parts of the pancreas, causing tissue necrosis.
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- Lateral medullary syndrome, also called Wallenberg syndrome and posterior inferior cerebellar artery syndrome, is a disease that presents with a constellation of neurologic symptoms due to injury to the lateral part of the medulla in the brain, resulting in tissue ischemia and necrosis, typically from blood clot (stroke) impeding the vertebral artery and/or the posterior inferior cerebellar artery .
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- More serious possible complications include allergic reaction to medications or material used during surgery, infection, skin necrosis (dead skin), puncture of an internal organ, contour irregularities, thromboembolism and fat embolization, burns, and fluid imbalance.