Examples of iron in the following topics:
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- Iron overload, also known as hemochromatosis, is an accumulation of iron in the body and can lead to tissue and organ damage.
- Thus, many methods of iron storage have developed.
- In medicine, iron overload indicates accumulation of iron in the body from any cause.
- Once iron and other markers are within the normal range, phlebotomies may be scheduled every other month or every three months depending upon the patient's rate of iron loading.
- Discuss the causes of iron overload and the resulting tissue damage
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- In the last stages of development, the immature RBCs absorb iron, Vitamin B12, and folic acid.
- These dietary nutrients that are necessary for proper synthesis of hemoglobin (iron) and normal RBC development (B12 and folic acid).
- The heme components of hemoglobin are broken down into iron ions and a green bile pigment called biliverdin.
- The bilirubin is excreted through the digestive system in the form of bile, while some of the iron is released into the plasma to be recirculated back into the bone marrow by a carrier protein called transferrin.
- This iron is then reused for erythropoiesis, but additional dietary iron is needed to support healthy RBC life cycles.
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- For instance, a microcytic anemia (smaller than usual red blood cells) is often the result of iron deficiency.
- Iron is an essential part of hemoglobin, and low iron levels result in decreased incorporation of hemoglobin into red blood cells.
- It is due to insufficient dietary intake or absorption of iron to meet the body's needs.
- In the United States, the most common cause of iron deficiency is bleeding or blood loss, usually from the gastrointestinal tract.
- Worldwide, the most common cause of iron deficiency anemia is parasitic infestation (hookworm, amebiasis, schistosomiasis, and whipworm).
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- Examples of nutrients absorbed by the small intestine include carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, iron, vitamins, and water.
- Absorption of the majority of nutrients takes place in the jejunum, with the following notable exceptions: iron is absorbed in the duodenum; vitamin B12 and bile salts are absorbed in the terminal ileum; water and lipids are absorbed by passive diffusion throughout the small intestine; sodium bicarbonate is absorbed by active transport and glucose and amino acid co-transport; and fructose is absorbed by facilitated diffusion.
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- Women who bleed heavily during menstruation have a high probability of developing iron-deficiency anemia.
- Abnormally low numbers of reticulocytes can be attributed to chemotherapy, aplastic anemia, pernicious anemia, bone marrow malignancies, problems of erythropoietin production, various vitamin or mineral deficiencies (B9, B12, iron), disease states (anemia of chronic disease) and other causes of anemia due to poor RBC production.
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- The liver stores a multitude of substances, including glucose (in the form of glycogen), vitamin A (1–2 years' supply), vitamin D (1–4 months' supply), vitamin B12 (1–3 years' supply), iron, and copper.
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- The exact cause of many aphthous ulcers is unknown, but citrus fruits (e.g. oranges and lemons), physical trauma, stress, lack of sleep, sudden weight loss, food allergies, immune system reactions, and deficiencies in vitamin B12, iron, and folic acid may contribute to their development.
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- Duodenum: the first section of the small intestine and may be the principal site for iron absorption.
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- The RBCs' distinctive red color is due to the spectral properties of the binding of hemic iron ions in hemoglobin.
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- While oxygen binds to the iron content in the heme of hemoglobin, carbon dioxide can bind to the amino acid chains on hemoglobin.
- Hemoglobin is a tetramer of alpha (red) and beta (blue) subunits with iron containing heme groups (green).