Examples of chemical digestion in the following topics:
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- Chemical breakdown of macromolecules contained in food is completed by various enzymes produced in the digestive system.
- The digestive enzymes, however, are secreted mainly as their inactive precursors, the zymogens.
- Sucrose digestion yields the sugars fructose and glucose, which are readily absorbed by the small intestine.
- Digestion of certain fats begins in the mouth, where lingual lipase breaks down short chain lipids into diglycerides.
- Complete digestion of one molecule of fat (a triglyceride) results in three fatty acid molecules and one glycerol molecule.
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- Digestion is necessary for absorbing nutrients from food and occurs through two processes: mechanical and chemical digestion.
- This mechanical and chemical breakdown encompasses the process of digestion.
- Mechanical digestion: Larger pieces of food get broken down into smaller pieces while being prepared for chemical digestion; this process starts in the mouth and continues into the stomach.
- Chemical digestion: Several different enzymes break down macromolecules into smaller molecules that can be absorbed.
- There are at least five major digestive hormones in the gut of mammals that help process food through chemical digestion in the gall bladder, duodenum, stomach, and pancrease.
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- Chemical digestion is the process of breakdown of large macronutrients into smaller molecules by enzyme-mediated hydrolysis.
- Proteins and polypeptides are digested by hydrolysis of the C-N bond .
- Stomach pepsin digests about 20% of the proteins, the rest is digested by pancreatic and small intestine enzymes.
- Proteins and polypeptides are digested by hydrolysis of the C-N bond.
- Differentiate among the methods used to chemically break down food molecules
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- The small intestine uses different enzymes and processes to digest proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates.
- The small intestine is where most chemical digestion takes place.
- The three major classes of nutrients that undergo digestion are proteins, lipids (fats), and carbohydrates.
- Their chemical breakdown begins in the stomach and continues through the large intestine.
- Some carbohydrates, such as cellulose, are not digested at all, despite being made of multiple glucose units.
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- While its primary function is to begin the process of mechanically and chemically digesting food, the mouth is also the beginning of the alimentary canal—a larger digestive tube.
- This membrane maintains a moist and lubricated environment within the mouth to prepare the digestive system for the entry of food.
- In addition to its primary function as the beginning of the digestive system, the mouth also plays a significant role in human communication and breathing.
- In the digestive process, the mouth's purpose is to prepare food for further digestion in the stomach and the small intestine.
- Describe the features of the mouth that play a role in digestion
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- The small intestine is the part of the gastrointestinal tract where much of the digestion and absorption of food takes place.
- The small intestine is the site where almost all of the digestion and absorption of nutrients and minerals from food takes place.
- It is where most chemical digestion using enzymes takes place.
- The ileum has an extremely large surface area both for the adsorption of enzyme molecules and for the absorption of products of digestion.
- They absorb fatty acids and glycerol, the products of fat digestion, into direct circulation.
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- Digestion is the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into smaller components that are more readily absorbed into the bloodstream.
- Digestion is the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into smaller components so that it can be more readily absorbed into the bloodstream.
- When food enters the mouth, digestion begins with the action of mastication, a form of mechanical digestion, and with the contact of saliva.
- It cleans the oral cavity, moistens the food, and contains digestive enzymes.
- It lies cranial, or superior, to the esophagus and forms part of the digestive and respiratory systems.
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- The movement and flow of chemicals into the stomach is controlled by the autonomic nervous system and various digestive system hormones.
- he movement and the flow of chemicals into the stomach are controlled by both the autonomic nervous system and the various digestive system hormones.
- Gastrin is released by G-cells in the stomach, via the base cells of the pyloric, cardiac, and fundic glands, in response to distension of the antrum, and digestive products (especially large quantities of incompletely digested proteins).
- While the intestine is full and still digesting food, the stomach will act as storage for food.
- There are many different gastric glands that secrete many different chemicals.
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- The organs of the digestive system can be divided into upper and lower digestive tracts.
- The human body uses a variety of mental and physiological cues to initiate the process of digestion.
- Our digestive system is like a long tube, with different segments doing different jobs.
- When we take a bite of food, the food material gets chewed up and processed in the mouth, where saliva begins the process of chemical and mechanical breakdown.
- This diagram shows the relationship between the various organs of the digestive system.
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- Gastric secretion is stimulated chiefly by three chemicals: acetylcholine (ACh), histamine, and gastrin.
- As dietary protein is digested, it breaks down into smaller peptides and amino acids, which directly stimulate the G cells to secrete even more gastrin: a positive feedback loop that accelerates protein digestion.
- But as digestion continues and these peptides are emptied from the stomach, the pH drops lower and lower.