transmission

(noun)

Transmission is the passing of a communicable disease from an infected host individual or group to a conspecific individual or group, regardless of whether the other individual was previously infected.

Related Terms

Examples of transmission in the following topics:

  • Chain of Transmission

    • The most important and frequent mode of transmission of nosocomial infections is by direct contact.
    • The most important and frequent mode of transmission of nosocomial infections is by direct contact.
    • Vector borne transmission occurs when vectors such as mosquitoes, flies, rats, and other vermin transmit microorganisms.
    • Contact transmission is divided into two subgroups: direct-contact transmission and indirect-contact transmission.
    • Differentiate between the various types of transmission: air-borne, common vehicle, vector borne, direct and indirect contact transmission

  • Airborne Transmission of Disease

    • The airborne transmission that occurs utilizes small particles or droplet nucleithat contains these infectious agents or pathogens.
    • Many types of infections that can be a result of airborne transmission include: Anthrax, Chickenpox, Influenza, Measles, Smallpox, and Tuberculosis.
    • Airborne transmission of disease is common in unsanitary household conditions and overcrowded areas, and pathogens that are transmitted in this manner thrive in areas of poverty and poor hygienic conditions.

  • Portals of Microbe Entry

    • airborne transmission (if the microorganism can remain in the air for long periods)
    • Infectious agents are generally specialized for a particular method of transmission.
    • In fecal-oral transmission, it is through the mouth.
    • In vector-borne transmission, it is at the bite or sting of the vector.
    • Recognize the various methods and types of microorganism transmission: vectors, hosts, horizontal, vertical transmissions

  • Infectious Disease Transmission

    • Defining the means of transmission of a pathogen is important in understanding its biology and in addressing the disease it causes.
    • Transmission may occur through several different mechanisms.
    • A common method of transmission in under-developed countries is fecal-oral transmission.
    • Transmission of infectious diseases may also involve a vector.
    • Give examples of various modes of transmission, including direct and indirect transmission

  • Portals of Exit

    • Transmission is the passing of a communicable disease from an infected host individual or group to a conspecific individual or group by one or more of the following means: droplet contact, direct physical contact, indirect physical contact, airborne transmission, and fecal-oral transmission.
    • Transmission can also be indirect, via another organism.
    • The second is vertical disease transmission – passing a disease causing agent vertically from parent to offspring, such as through perinatal transmission.
    • Direct fecal-oral transmission is rare for humans at least.
    • Some diseases transmissible by the sexual route include: HIV/AIDS and chlamydia.

  • Arthropods as Vectors

    • Arthropods are capable of serving as vectors, indicating that they play a major role in disease transmission.
    • These arthropods are responsible for the transmission of numerous diseases.
    • The human flea, Pulex irritans, and the Oriental rat flea , Xenopsylla cheopis, are responsible for the transmission of the bubonic plague, murine typhus, and tapeworms.

  • Classic Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers

    • List the types, symptoms and routes of transmission for viral hemorrhagic fevers

  • Regulating Virulence

    • According to evolutionary medicine, optimal virulence increases with horizontal transmission (between non-relatives) and decreases with vertical transmission (from parent to child).
    • This is because the fitness of the host is bound to the fitness in vertical transmission but is not so bound in horizontal transmission.The pathogen population can evolve once it is in the host .
    • Short-sighted evolution hypothesis suggests that the traits that increase reproduction rate and transmission to a new host will rise to high frequency within the pathogen population.
    • If the pathogen's virulence kills the host and interferes with its own transmission to a new host, virulence will be selected against.
    • But as long as transmission continues despite the virulence, virulent pathogens will have the advantage.

  • Pathogenic Escherichia coli

    • Transmission of pathogenic E. coli often occurs via fecal–oral transmission.
    • Common routes of transmission include unhygienic food preparation, farm contamination due to manure fertilization, irrigation of crops with contaminated greywater or raw sewage, feral pigs on cropland, or direct consumption of sewage-contaminated water.
    • Food and Drug Administration, the fecal-oral cycle of transmission can be disrupted by cooking food properly, preventing cross-contamination, instituting barriers such as gloves for food workers, instituting health care policies so food industry employees seek treatment when they are ill, pasteurization of juice or dairy products and proper hand washing requirements.
    • Distinguish between the different types of pathogenic E. coli in regards to classification and mode of transmission

  • Cholera

    • There are several points along the cholera transmission path at which its spread may be halted.
    • Public health education and adherence to appropriate sanitation practices are of primary importance to help prevent and control transmission of cholera and other diseases.
    • Describe the mode of transmission for Vibrio cholerae and the steps that can be taken to prevent this