photosynthesis

Examples of photosynthesis in the following topics:

• Oxygenic Photosynthesis

  • In plants, algae and cyanobacteria, photosynthesis releases oxygen .
  • This is called oxygenic photosynthesis.
  • Photosynthesis is not only needed by photosynthetic organism for energy but also for carbon fixation .
  • In plants, algae and cyanobacteria, photosynthesis releases oxygen.
  • This is called oxygenic photosynthesis.

• Anoxygenic Photosynthesis

  • Chlorophototrophy can further be divided into oxygenic photosynthesis and anoxygenic phototrophy.
  • Anoxygenic photosynthesis is the phototrophic process where light energy is captured and converted to ATP, without the production of oxygen.
  • There are several groups of bacteria that undergo anoxygenic photosynthesis: Green sulfur bacteria , green and red filamentous anoxygenic phototrophs (FAPs), phototrophic purple bacteria, phototrophic Acidobacteria, and phototrophic heliobacteria.
  • Bacteriochlorophylls c-g have the corresponding "peak" absorbance at more blue wavelengths when dissolved in an organic solvent, but are similarly red-shifted within their natural environment (with the exception of bacteriochlorophyll f, which has not been naturally observed).Unlike oxygenic phototrophs, anoxygenic photosynthesis only functions using (by phylum) either one of two possible types of photosystem.
  • Discuss the characteristics that classify a specific type of chlorophototrophy as anoxygenic photosynthesis

• Anoxygenic Photosynthetic Bacteria

  • Some groups of bacteria can capture light energy and convert it to ATP without the production of oxygen through anoxygenic photosynthesis.
  • Chlorophototrophy can further be divided into oxygenic photosynthesis and anoxygenic phototrophy.
  • Unlike oxygenic phototrophs, anoxygenic photosynthesis only functions using either one of two possible types of photosystem.
  • The purple sulfur bacteria are a group of Proteobacteria capable of photosynthesis.
  • Anoxic conditions are required for photosynthesis; these bacteria cannot thrive in oxygenated environments.

• Cyanobacteria

  • The cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green bacteria, are a phylum of bacteria that obtain their energy through photosynthesis.
  • Cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green bacteria, blue-green algae, and Cyanophyta, is a phylum of bacteria that obtain their energy through photosynthesis.
  • Cyanobacteria get their color from the bluish pigment phycocyanin, which they use to capture light for photosynthesis.
  • The water-oxidizing photosynthesis is accomplished by coupling the activity of photosystem (PS) II and I (Z-scheme).
  • Cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green bacteria, blue-green algae, and Cyanophyta, is a phylum of bacteria that obtain their energy through photosynthesis

• Chloroflexus and Relatives

  • One of the main reasons for interest in Chloroflexus aurantiacus is in the study of the evolution of photosynthesis.
  • As the name implies, these anoxygenic phototrophs do not produce oxygen as a byproduct of photosynthesis, in contrast to oxygenic phototrophs such as cyanobacteria, algae, and higher plants.
  • One of the main reasons for interest in Chloroflexus aurantiacus is in the study of the evolution of photosynthesis.
  • How did photosynthesis arise in bacteria?
  • Therefore, rare organisms like Chloroflexus aurantiacus that can survive using either respiration or photosynthesis are of interest in on-going attempts to trace the evolution of photosynthesis.

• Facultative Phototrophy

  • A facultative phototroph can rely on photosynthesis and alternative energy sources to survive and grow.
  • An autotroph or "producer", is an organism that produces complex organic compounds (such as carbohydrates, fats, and proteins) from simple substances present in its surroundings, generally using energy from light (photosynthesis) or inorganic chemical reactions (chemosynthesis).

• Carotenoids and Phycobilins

  • Photosynthesis in many plants and algae depend on chlorophylls which absorb light closer to the ultraviolet side of the spectrum, and emit light in the green end of the spectrum.
  • To deal with these problems, organisms dependent on photosynthesis express various compounds that allow them to absorb different spectrum of light.
  • They serve two key roles in plants and algae: they absorb light energy for use in photosynthesis, and they protect chlorophyll from photodamage.

• Organization of Ecosystems

  • Producers (autotrophs) do not usually eat other organisms but pull nutrients from the soil or the ocean and manufacture their own food using photosynthesis.
  • Additionally, in zones where light cannot penetrate (and thus photosynthesis cannot be the basic means to produce energy), chemosynthetic microbes provide energy and carbon to the other organisms in the ecosystem.
  • Decomposition is critical as most of the carbon and energy incorporated into plant tissues during photosynthesis remains uneaten when the plant tissue dies (and therefore must be broken down before it can be made available for recycling).

• Ocean Floor

  • One example of these fundamental symbioses are chloroplasts, which allow eukaryotes to conduct photosynthesis.
  • Chloroplasts are considered to be endosymbiotic cyanobacteria, a group of bacteria that are thought to be the origins of aerobic photosynthesis.
  • They are the backbone of all ecosystems, but even more so in the zones where light cannot approach and therefore photosynthesis cannot be the basic means to collect energy.

• Gas Requirements

  • Often, they respire oxygen as rapidly as it is supplied, keeping the amount of free oxygen low. 3) Aerobes that require oxygen to grow, yet their nitrogenase is still debilitated if exposed to oxygen. 4) Oxygenic photosynthetic bacteria generate oxygen as a by-product of photosynthesis, yet some are able to fix nitrogen as well. 5) And finally, Anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria that do not generate oxygen during photosynthesis as they have only a single photosystem which cannot split water.