thin lens equation

Examples of thin lens equation in the following topics:

• The Thin Lens Equation and Magnification

  • The thin lens equation relates the object distance do, image distance di, and focal length f.
  • The thin lens equation is:
  • In many cases both of these equations are referred to together as the thin lens equations.
  • The thin lens equations are broadly applicable to all situations involving thin lenses (and "thin" mirrors).
  • Shows how to use the thin lens equation to calculate the image distance, image height and image orientation for convex lenses when the object distance is greater the the focal length (f).

• The Lensmaker's Equation

  • Unlike idealized thin lenses, real lenses have a finite thickness between their two surfaces of curvature.
  • An ideal thin lens with two surfaces of equal curvature would have zero optical power, meaning that it would neither converge nor diverge light.
  • The focal length of a thick lens in air can be calculated from the lensmaker's equation:
  • The above equation can be greatly simplified if the lens thickness d is very small compared to R1 and R2.
  • In this case, the thin lens approximation can then be made and the lensmaker's equation can be approximated as

• Thin Lenses and Ray Tracing

  • A thin lens is defined to be one whose thickness allows rays to refract, as illustrated in , but does not allow properties such as dispersion and aberrations.
  • An ideal thin lens has two refracting surfaces but the lens is thin enough toassume that light rays bend only once.
  • A thin symmetrical lens has two focal points, one on either side and both at the same distance from the lens.
  • The treatment of a lens as a thin lens is known as the "thin lens approximation. "
  • Describe properties of a thin lens and the purpose of ray tracing

• The Compound Microscope

  • It is made of two convex lenses: the first, the ocular lens, is close to the eye; the second is the objective lens.
  • The first lens is called the objective lens and is closest to the object being observed.
  • The distance between the objective lens and the ocular lens is slightly shorter than the focal length of the ocular lens, fe.
  • The equation for calculating this is as follows:
  • where m is total magnification, mo is objective lens magnification, me is ocular lens magnification.

• Refraction Through Lenses

  • Such a lens is called a converging (or convex) lens for the corresponding effect it has on light rays.
  • In equation form:
  • Additionally, we will explore how image locations and characteristics can be quantified with the help of a set of geometric optics equations.
  • The more powerful the lens, the closer to the lens the rays will cross.
  • Compare the effect of a convex lens and a concave lens on the light rays

• Combinations of Lenses

  • The simplest case is where lenses are placed in contact: if the lenses of focal lengths f1 and f2 are "thin", the combined focal length f of the lenses is given by
  • Since 1/f is the power of a lens, it can be seen that the powers of thin lenses in contact are additive.
  • If two thin lenses are separated in air by some distance d (where d is smaller than the focal length of the first lens), the focal length for the combined system is given by
  • As d tends to zero, the value of the BFL tends to the value of f given for thin lenses in contact.
  • An achromatic lens or achromat is a lens that is designed to limit the effects of chromatic and spherical aberration.

• The Magnifying Glass

  • A magnifying glass is a convex lens that lets the observer see a larger image of the object being observed.
  • A magnifying glass is a convex lens that lets the observer see a larger image of the object under observation.
  • The lens is usually mounted in a frame with a handle, as shown below .
  • The highest magnifying power is obtained by putting the lens very close to the eye and moving both the eye and the lens together to obtain the best focus.
  • When the lens is used this way, the magnifying power can be found with the following equation:

• Anatomy of the Eye

  • The retina, a thin layer of cells located on the inner surface of the back of the eye, consists of photoreceptive cells, which are responsible for the transduction of light into nervous impulses.
  • The main function of the lens is to focus light on the retina and fovea centralis.
  • The lens is a transparent, convex structure located behind the cornea.
  • On the other side of the lens is the vitreous humour, which lets light through without refraction, maintains the shape of the eye, and suspends the delicate lens.
  • The lens focuses and re-focuses light as the eye rests on near and far objects in the visual field.

• Thin Film Interference

  • Thin film interference occurs when incident light waves reflected by the different layers of a thin film interfere and form a new wave.
  • The thickness of a thin film is a few times smaller than the wavelength of the light, λ.
  • shows a diagram of how thin film interference works.
  • Light incident on a thin film.
  • I devote much time to discussing the complex exponential representation of waves, Maxwell's Equations, the wave equation etc.Specifically here, I derive the formula for the optical path difference and the phase difference for a 'wave' of light propagating through a thin film.

• Relativistic Addition of Velocities

  • A velocity-addition formula is an equation that relates the velocities of moving objects in different reference frames.
  • A velocity-addition formula is an equation that relates the velocities of moving objects in different reference frames.
  • For collinear motions, the velocity of the fly relative to the shore is given by the following equation:
  • A light ray emanating from the source S' is reflected by a beam splitter G and is collimated into a parallel beam by lens L.
  • The rays reflect off a mirror m at the focus of lens L', so that one ray always propagates in the same direction as the water stream, and the other ray opposite to the direction of the water stream.