The Philosophical Dictionary

Examples of The Philosophical Dictionary in the following topics:

• Voltaire

  • Voltaire was a French Enlightenment writer, historian, and philosopher, who attacked the Catholic Church and advocated freedom of religion, freedom of expression, and separation of church and state.
  • Voltaire's political and philosophical views can be found in nearly all of his prose writings, even in what would be typically categorized as fiction.
  • Most of his prose, including such genres as romance, drama, or satire, was written as polemics with the goal of conveying radical political and philosophical messages.
  • Only a year later, he published The Philosophical Dictionary - an encyclopedic dictionary with alphabetically arranged articles that criticize the Roman Catholic Church and other institutions.
  • The Dictionary was Voltaire's lifelong project, modified and expanded with each edition.

• Using the Dictionary and Thesaurus Effectively

  • Because words can differ depending on their context, it is a good idea to check the definition and spelling of any tricky words in a dictionary.
  • Always use a dictionary to confirm the meaning of any word about which you are unsure.
  • Although the built-in dictionary that comes with your word processor is a great time-saver, it falls far short of college-edition dictionaries, or the Oxford English Dictionary (OED).
  • When in doubt, always check a dictionary to be sure.
  • If you are unsure about the precise meaning of a replacement word, look up the new word in a dictionary.

• Psychology of Purchasing

  • Skinner's behaviorism shared with its predecessors a philosophical inclination toward positivism and determinism.
  • Veblen's subject of examination, the newly emergent middle class arising at the turn of the twentieth century, comes to full fruition by the end of the twentieth century through the process of globalization.
  • In an abstract sense, it is the belief that the free choice of consumers should dictate the economic structure of a society (cf.
  • Producerism, especially in the British sense of the term).
  • The term "consumerism" was first used in 1915 to refer to "advocacy of the rights and interests of consumers" (Oxford English Dictionary) but in this article the term "consumerism" refers to the sense first used in 1960, "emphasis on or preoccupation with the acquisition of consumer goods" (Oxford English Dictionary).

• The Popularization of Science

  • Although the existence of dictionaries and encyclopedias spanned into ancient times, and would be nothing new to Enlightenment readers, the texts changed from simply defining words in a long running list to far more detailed discussions of those words in 18th-century encyclopedic dictionaries.
  • The most well-known of these works is Denis Diderot and Jean le Rond d'Alembert's Encyclopaedia, or a Systematic Dictionary of the Sciences, Arts, and Crafts.
  • Cover of the first volume of Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 1665-1666, the Royal Society of London.
  • The Philosophical Transactions was established in 1665 as the first journal in the world exclusively devoted to science.
  • The use of the word "Philosophical" in the title refers to "natural philosophy," which was the equivalent of what would now be generally called science.

• Philosophy and Art of the Han Dynasty

  • The early Western Han court simultaneously accepted the philosophical teachings of Legalism, Huang-Lao Daoism, and Confucianism in making state decisions and shaping government policy.
  • Confucianism is Chinese ethical and philosophical system developed from the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Confucious (551–479 BCE).
  • Much to the interest of the ruler, Dong's synthesis justified the imperial system of government within the natural order of the universe.
  • Philosophical works written by Yang Xiong (53 BCE – 18 CE), Huan Tan (43 BCE – 28 CE), Wang Chong (27–100 CE), and Wang Fu (78–163 CE) questioned whether human nature was innately good or evil and posed challenges to Dong's universal order.
  • There were dictionaries such as the Shuowen Jiezi by Xu Shen (c. 58 – c. 147 CE) and the Fangyan by Yang Xiong.

• Enlightenment Ideals

  • Centered around the idea that reason is the primary source of authority and legitimacy, the Enlightenment was a philosophical movement that dominated the world of ideas in Europe in the 18th century.
  • The Age of Enlightenment, also known as the Enlightenment, was a philosophical movement that dominated the world of ideas in Europe in the 18th century.
  • In the mid-18th century, Europe witnessed an explosion of philosophic and scientific activity that challenged traditional doctrines and dogmas.
  • The political philosopher Montesquieu introduced the idea of a separation of powers in a government, a concept which was enthusiastically adopted by the authors of the United States Constitution.
  • The prime example of reference works that systematized scientific knowledge in the Age of Enlightenment were universal encyclopedias rather than technical dictionaries.

• Understanding Medical Terms

  • In English, the most common vowel used in the formation of the combining form is the letter -o-, added to the word root.
  • When in doubt, the result should be verified by a medical terminology dictionary.
  • One quick online reference is a dictionary search engine.
  • There are also numerous online medical dictionaries to select from.
  • Once a term is located, the response will be subdivided into several basic formats, including General usage, Medicine, Law, Business, and others.The use of a medical dictionary or Internet search engine is most helpful in learning the exact meaning of a medical term.

• Dada and Surrealism

  • For many participants, the movement was a protest against the bourgeois nationalist and colonialist interests, which many Dadaists believed were the root cause of the war, and against the cultural and intellectual conformity—in art and more broadly in society—that corresponded to the war.
  • The origin of the name Dada is unclear.
  • Another theory posits that the name "Dada" came during a meeting of when a knife stuck into a French–German dictionary happened to point to 'dada', a French word for 'hobbyhorse'.
  • The trio soon became the center of radical anti-art activities in the United States.
  • First and foremost, Surrealist artists and writers regarded their work as an expression of the philosophical movement, with the artwork being an artifact.

• Scientific Method - The Practice of Science

  • As captured by the Oxford English Dictionary, the essential inviolable commonality of all scientific practice is that it relies on “systematic observation, measurement, and experiment, and the formulation, testing and modification of hypotheses."
  • Here are the key elements of the scientific method, in the usual order:
  • ...To which we would add the requirement that the work of the scientist be disseminated by publication!
  • Why did philosophers (not scientists!)
  • But long before this, philosophers developed formal rules of logic to try to understand nature, humanity’s relationship to nature, and the relationship of humans to each other.

• Common Spelling Errors

  • The best way to ensure that a paper has no spelling errors is to look for them during the proofreading stage of the writing process.
  • Instead, check a dictionary or other reference work to find its proper spelling.
  • You cannot hear the "a" in "realize," but you need it to spell the word correctly.
  • But again, the best way to avoid these misspellings is to consult a dictionary whenever you're unsure of the correct spelling.
  • If you don't know which homophone is the right one to use, look both up in the dictionary to see which meaning (and spelling) you want.