phosphotransferase system

Examples of phosphotransferase system in the following topics:

• Group Translocation

  • The systems play key roles in pathogenesis.
  • These systems may be described as type I secretion, type II secretion, etc.
  • The PGF-CTERM/archaeosortase A system in archaea is related to S-layer production.
  • PEP group translocation, also known as the phosphotransferase system or PTS, is a distinct method used by bacteria for sugar uptake where the source of energy is from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP).
  • The system was discovered by Saul Roseman in 1964.

• Two-Component Regulatory Systems

  • Two component signaling systems are widely occurring in prokaryotes whereas only a few two-component systems have been identified in eukaryotic organisms.
  • A variant of the two-component system is the phospho-relay system.
  • The phosphoryl group is then shuttled to histidine phosphotransferase (HPT) and subsequently to a terminal RR, which can evoke the desired response.
  • Signal transducing histidine kinases are the key elements in two-component signal transduction systems.
  • Describe the structure and function of a bacterial two-component regulatory system

• Parasympathetic Responses

  • The parasympathetic nervous system regulates organ and gland functions during rest and is considered a slowly activated, dampening system.
  • The parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS, or occasionally PNS) is one of the two main divisions of the autonomic nervous system (ANS).
  • The autonomic nervous system (ANS, or visceral nervous system, or involuntary nervous system) is the part of the peripheral nervous system that acts as a control system, functioning largely below the level of consciousness and controlling visceral functions.
  • The sympathetic nervous system can be considered a quick response, mobilizing system; and the parasympathetic system is a more slowly activated, dampening system.
  • The parasympathetic nervous system, shown in blue, is a division of the autonomic nervous system.

• Introduction to Systems of Equations

  • A system of equations consists of two or more equations with two or more variables, where any solution must satisfy all of the equations in the system at the same time.
  • To find the unique solution to a system of linear equations, we must find a numerical value for each variable in the system that will satisfy all of the system's equations at the same time.
  • A solution to the system above is given by
  • An inconsistent system has no solution.
  • A dependent system has infinitely many solutions.

• Expert Systems

  • An expert system consists of both an inference engine and a knowledge base and has decision-making abilities.
  • An expert system has a unique structure, different from traditional computer programs.
  • Knowledge-based systems are systems based on the methods and techniques of artificial Intelligence.
  • Knowledge base systems (KBS) go beyond the decision support philosophy to incorporate expert system technology into the decision-making framework.
  • Break down expert systems to the inference engine, the knowledge base, and conversational

• Comparing the Somatic and Autonomic Nervous Systems

  • The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is divided into the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system.
  • The somatic nervous system controls all voluntary muscular systems within the body, and also mediates involuntary reflex arcs.
  • The somatic nervous system consists of three parts:
  • The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is the part of the peripheral nervous system that acts as a control system, functioning largely below the level of consciousness and controlling visceral functions.
  • The enteric nervous system is sometimes considered part of the autonomic nervous system, and sometimes considered an independent system.

• Plant Tissues and Organ Systems

• The Continental System

• The Factory System

• The Systems Viewpoint

  • Systems thinking is an approach to problem solving that considers the overall system instead of focusing on specific parts of a system.
  • Systems thinking is the process of understanding how people and situations influence one another within a closed system.
  • In business, management also involves systems thinking.
  • Systems generally contain the following aspects:
  • Practitioners of systems thinking believe that the component parts of a system can best be understood, and best analyzed, in the context of their relationships with other parts of a system .