pedicellate teeth

Examples of pedicellate teeth in the following topics:

• Characteristics and Evolution of Amphibians

  • Additional characteristics of amphibians include pedicellate teeth (teeth in which the root and crown are calcified, separated by a zone of noncalcified tissue) and a papilla amphibiorum and papilla basilaris (structures of the inner ear that are sensitive to frequencies below and above 10,00 hertz, respectively).

• Gomphoses

  • As people age and lose their initial set of baby teeth, the new teeth develop gomphoses to anchor them in the jaw.
  • Connective tissues such as the ligaments around the teeth start to dissolve.
  • The goal is to align the teeth evenly to create a strong, healthy bite.
  • Between each adjustment, the teeth and jaw have time to recover.
  • This image illustrates the gomphoses joints of teeth within the jaw.

• Orthodontics

  • Orthodontists usually use braces and retainers to set teeth.
  • The wires interact with the brackets to move teeth into the desired positions.
  • Invisalign consists of clear plastic aligners that move teeth.
  • Orthodontic treatment can help fix a patient's teeth and set them in the right place.
  • Orthodontists usually use braces and retainers to set the patient's teeth.

• Periodontal Disease

  • the cementum, or the outer layer of the roots of teeth
  • the alveolar bone, or the bony sockets into which the teeth are anchored
  • Periodontitis involves progressive loss of the alveolar bone around the teeth, and if left untreated, can lead to the loosening and subsequent loss of teeth .
  • A diagnosis of periodontitis is established by inspecting the soft gum tissues around the teeth with a probe and by evaluating the patient's x-ray films to determine the amount of bone loss around the teeth.
  • Regular dental check-ups and professional teeth cleaning as required.

• Temporomandibular Joint Syndrome (TMJ)

  • On average, the symptoms will involve more than one of the numerous TMJ components: muscles, nerves, tendons, ligaments, bones, connective tissue, and the teeth.
  • Disorders of the teeth can contribute to TMJ dysfunction.
  • Impaired tooth mobility and tooth loss can be caused by destruction of the supporting bone and by heavy forces being placed on teeth.
  • The movement of the teeth affects how they contact one another when the mouth closes; the overall relationship between the teeth, muscles, and joints can be altered.
  • Therefore, there are a variety of treatment approaches including restoration of the occlusal surfaces of the teeth, wearing dental guards to prevent grinding the teeth, and biofeedback exercises to retrain muscle movements, among others.

• Tooth and Gum Infections

  • Bacteria collect around the teeth and gums in a sticky, creamy-colored mass called plaque, which serves as a biofilm.
  • Grooves on the occlusal surfaces of molar and premolar teeth provide microscopic retention sites for plaque bacteria, as do the approximal sites.
  • Other strains of streptococci adhere strongly to the gums and cheeks but not to the teeth.
  • The gingival crevice area (supporting structures of the teeth) provides a habitat for a variety of anaerobic species.
  • Plaque is a biofilm on the surfaces of the teeth.

• Dental Caries

  • If demineralization exceeds saliva and other remineralization factors such as from calcium and fluoridated toothpastes, these tissues progressively break down, producing dental caries (cavities, holes in the teeth) .
  • The mineral content of teeth is sensitive to increases in acidity from the production of lactic acid.
  • All caries occur from acid demineralization that exceeds saliva and fluoride remineralization, and almost all acid demineralization occurs where food (containing carbohydrate like sugar) is left on teeth.
  • In most people, disorders or diseases affecting teeth are not the primary cause of dental caries.
  • Thus, when root surfaces of teeth are exposed from gingival recession or periodontal disease, caries can develop more readily.

• Ingestion

  • The first step to obtaining nutrition is ingestion, a process where food is taken in through the mouth and broken down by teeth and saliva.
  • Once in the mouth, the teeth, saliva, and tongue play important roles in mastication (preparing the food into bolus).

• Dental Anesthesia

  • The most common local anesthetic technique, effective for the lower teeth and jaw, is inferior alveolar nerve anesthesia.
  • The inferior alveolar nerve runs from the angle of the mandible down the medial aspect of the mandible, innervating the lower teeth, lower lip, chin, and tongue.
  • For this reason, the upper teeth are usually anesthetized locally by injecting lidociane beneath the oral mucosa surrounding the teeth.

• Characteristics of Mammals

  • Most mammals have heterodont teeth, meaning that they have different types and shapes of teeth rather than just one type and shape of tooth.
  • Most mammals are diphyodonts, meaning that they have two sets of teeth in their lifetime: deciduous, or "baby" teeth, and permanent teeth.
  • Other vertebrates are polyphyodonts: their teeth are replaced throughout their entire life.