optic sulcus

(noun)

A progressively-deepening groove in the neural plate from which the optic vesicles develop.

Related Terms

Examples of optic sulcus in the following topics:

  • Development of Vision

    • Development of the optic vesicles starts in the three-week embryo from a progressively deepening groove in the neural plate called the optic sulcus.
    • As this expands, the rostral neuropore (the exit of the brain cavity out of the embryo) closes and the optic sulcus and the neural plate becomes the optic vesicle.
    • The lens then acts as an inducer back to the optic vesicle to transform it into the optic cup and back to the epidermis to transform it into the cornea.
    • Iris is formed from the optic cup cells.
    • After the closure of the tube they are known as the optic vesicles.

  • Optic (II) Nerve

    • The optic nerve is also known as cranial nerve II.
    • The optic nerve is the second of twelve paired cranial nerves.
    • As a consequence, optic nerve damage produces irreversible blindness.
    • The optic nerve leaves the orbit, which is also known as an eye socket, via the optic canal, running posteromedially toward the optic chiasm, where there is a partial decussation (crossing) of fibers from the nasal visual fields of both eyes.
    • An illustration of the brain highlighting the optic nerve and optic tract.

  • Lasers

    • A laser consists of a gain medium, a mechanism to supply energy to it, and something to provide optical feedback.
    • A laser consists of a gain medium, a mechanism to supply energy to it, and something to provide optical feedback (usually an optical cavity).
    • When a gain medium is placed in an optical cavity, a laser can then produce a coherent beam of photons.
    • The gain medium is where the optical amplification process occurs.
    • The most common type of laser uses feedback from an optical cavity--a pair of highly reflective mirrors on either end of the gain medium.

  • Problems

    • At $t=t_0$ the sphere is optically thin.
    • What is the total luminosity of the sphere as a function of $M_0, R(t)$ and $T_0$while the sphere is optically thin?
    • What is the luminosity of the sphere as a function of time after it becomes optically thick in terms of $M_0, R(t)$ and $T_0$?
    • Give an implicit relation in terms of $R(t)$ for the time $t_1$ when the sphere becomes optically thick.

  • Enhancement of Microscopy

    • In this section we will discuss both optical and electron microscopy.
    • You have probably used an optical microscope in a high school science class.
    • In optical microscopy, light reflected from an object passes through the microscope's lenses; this magnifies the light.
    • Although this type of microscopy has many limitations, there are several techniques that use properties of light and optics to enhance the magnified image:
    • Electron microscopes use electron beams to achieve higher resolutions than are possible in optical microscopy.

  • Limits of Resolution and Circular Aperatures

    • In optical imaging, there is a fundamental limit to the resolution of any optical system that is due to diffraction.
    • However, there is a fundamental maximum to the resolution of any optical system that is due to diffraction (a wave nature of light).
    • An optical system with the ability to produce images with angular resolution as good as the instrument's theoretical limit is said to be diffraction limited.
    • The denominator $nsin \theta$ is called the numerical aperture and can reach about 1.4 in modern optics, hence the Abbe limit is roughly d=λ/2.
    • There are techniques for producing images that appear to have higher resolution than allowed by simple use of diffraction-limited optics.

  • Using Interference to Read CDs and DVDs

    • Optical discs are digital storing media read in an optical disc drive using laser beam.
    • Compact disks (CDs) and digital video disks (DVDs) are examples of optical discs.
    • They are read in an optical disc drive which directs a laser beam at the disc.
    • In this early version of an optical disc, you can see the pits and lands which either reflect back light or scatter it.

  • B.5 Chapter 5

    • At $t=t_0$ the sphere is optically thin.
    • What is the total luminosity of the sphere as a function of $M_0, R(t)$ and $T_0$ while the sphere is optically thin?
    • What is the luminosity of the sphere as a function of time after it becomes optically thick in terms of $M_0, R(t)$ and $T_0$?
    • Give an implicit relation in terms of $R(t)$$t_1$ for the time $t_1$ when the sphere becomes optically thick.

  • Orbits

    • To the rear of the orbit, the optic foramen opens into the optical canal through which the optic nerve and ophthalmic artery pass.
    • Finally, the sphenoid bone forms the posterior wall of the orbit and also contributes to the formation of the optic canal.

  • Sensory Areas

    • The primary somatosensory cortex, located across the central sulcus and behind the primary motor cortex, is configured to generally correspond with the arrangement of nearby motor cells related to specific body parts.
    • The visual area is located on the calcarine sulcus deep within the inside folds of the occipital lobe.