Galileo

Examples of Galileo in the following topics:

• Art and Patronage

  • Although none of the Medici themselves were scientists, the family is well known to have been the patrons of the famous Galileo Galilei, who tutored multiple generations of Medici children, and was an important figurehead for his patron's quest for power.
  • Galileo's patronage was eventually abandoned by Ferdinando II, when the Inquisition accused Galileo of heresy.
  • Galileo named the four largest moons of Jupiter after four Medici children he tutored, although the names Galileo used are not the names currently used.

• Physics and Mathematics

  • Galileo Galilei came after Kepler and developed his own telescope with enough magnification to allow him to study Venus and discover that it has phases like a moon.
  • Galileo was one of the first modern thinkers to clearly state that the laws of nature are mathematical.
  • Galileo showed a remarkably modern appreciation for the proper relationship between mathematics, theoretical physics, and experimental physics.
  • In 1610, Galileo published this book describing his observations of the sky with a new invention - the telescope.
  • Galileo Galilei (1564–1642) improved the telescope, with which he made several important astronomical discoveries, including the four largest moons of Jupiter, the phases of Venus, and the rings of Saturn, and made detailed observations of sunspots.

• Astronomy

  • Following Copernicus and Tycho, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei, both working in the first decades of the 17th century, influentially defended, expanded and modified the heliocentric theory.
  • Galileo Galilei was an Italian scientist who is sometimes referred to as the “father of modern observational astronomy.”
  • Using this new instrument, Galileo made a number of astronomical observations which he published in the Sidereus Nuncius in 1610.
  • While observing Jupiter over the course of several days, Galileo noticed four stars close to Jupiter whose positions were changing in a way that would be impossible if they were fixed stars.
  • In 1610, Galileo also observed that Venus had a full set of phases, similar to the phases of the moon we can observe from Earth.

• Free-Falling Objects

  • Galileo also observed this phenomena and realized that it disagreed with the Aristotle principle that heavier items fall more quickly.
  • Galileo then hypothesized that there is an upward force exerted by air in addition to the downward force of gravity.

• Applications of the Parabola

  • The parabolic trajectory of projectiles was discovered experimentally in the 17th century by Galileo, who performed experiments with balls rolling on inclined planes.
  • What Galileo discovered and tested was that when gravity is the only force acting on an object, the distance it falls is directly proportional to the time squared.

• Relativistic Addition of Velocities

  • As Galileo Galilei observed in 17th century, if a ship is moving relative to the shore at velocity $v$, and a fly is moving with velocity $u$ as measured on the ship, calculating the velocity of the fly as measured on the shore is what is meant by the addition of the velocities $v$ and $u$.
  • Since this is counter to what Galileo used to add velocities, there needs to be a new velocity addition law.

• Europa's Possible Ocean

  • Europa, discovered in 1610 by Galileo Galilei, is one of Jupiter's four moons (called the Galilean moons) .
  • Geologists have analyzed images taken from the Voyager and Galileo expeditions and have come up with two possible models for the surface of this moon: the thick-ice model and the thin-ice model.

• Introduction to Bivariate Data

  • Figure 4 shows the results of an experiment conducted by Galileo on projectile motion.
  • In the experiment, Galileo rolled balls down an incline and measured how far they traveled as a function of the release height.

• Early Ideas about Atoms

  • The concept of the atom was revisited and elaborated upon by many scientists and philosophers, including Galileo, Newton, Boyle, and Lavoisier.

• Relative Velocity

  • Galileo observed the concept of relative velocity by using an example of a fly and a boat.