Examples of exotoxin in the following topics:
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- Scarlet fever is caused by secretion of pyrogenic (fever inducing) exotoxins by the infected Streptococcus.
- Exotoxin A (speA) is probably the best studied of these toxins.
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- Bacterial toxins are typically classified under two major categories: exotoxins or endotoxins.
- Exotoxins are immediately released into the surrounding environment whereas endotoxins are not released until the bacteria is killed by the immune system.
- This exotoxin affects intracellular processes and creates unregulated pores within the cell membranes of the host.
- Another example of an exotoxin includes an enterotoxin produced by the bacteria Staphlycoccal aureus.
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- Any S. aureus infection can cause the staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, a cutaneous reaction to exotoxin absorbed into the bloodstream.
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- These include cytolysins which form pores in the phagocyte's cell membranes, streptolysins and leukocidins which cause neutrophils' granules to rupture and release toxic substances, and exotoxins which reduce the supply of a phagocyte's ATP, needed for phagocytosis.