English Civil War

Examples of English Civil War in the following topics:

• Cromwell and the Roundheads

  • The escalating conflict between Charles I of England and the English Parliament resulted in the English Civil War, in the aftermath of which monarchy disappeared for over a decade and Oliver Cromwell ruled  as Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland.
  • First and foremost, to avoid Parliament, the King needed to avoid war.
  • What followed, is know as the English Civil War (1642–1651), which developed into a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians ("Roundheads") and Royalists ("Cavaliers").
  • He was an intensely religious man (an Independent Puritan), who entered the English Civil War on the side of the "Roundheads" or Parliamentarians.
  • The victory of the Parliamentarian New Model Army over the Royalist Army at the Battle of Naseby on June 14, 1645 marked the decisive turning point in the English Civil War.

• Taxation Without Representation

  • In short, many of these colonists believed that as they were not directly represented in the British Parliament, any laws it passed taxing the colonists (such as the Sugar Act and the Stamp Act) were illegal under the English Bill of Rights of 1689, and were a denial of their rights as Englishmen.
  • The phrase captures a sentiment central to the cause of the English Civil War, as articulated by John Hampden who said, "what an English King has no right to demand, an English subject has a right to refuse."
  • This tax, which was only applied to coastal towns during a time of war, was intended to offset the cost of defending that part of the coast and could be paid in actual ships or the equivalent value.
  • It was a cause of the English Civil War, and many British colonists in the 1750s, 1760s, and 1770s felt that it was related to their current situation.

• The English Protectorate

  • The Commonwealth was the period when England, later along with Ireland and Scotland, was ruled as a republic following the end of the Second English Civil War and the trial and execution of Charles I (1649).
  • During the period, fighting continued, particularly in Ireland and Scotland, between the parliamentary forces and those opposed to them, as part of what is now referred to as the Third English Civil War.
  • The first was "healing and settling" the nation after the chaos of the civil wars and the regicide. 
  • This led to his encouraging Jews to return to England, 350 years after their banishment by Edward I, in the hope that they would help speed up the recovery of the country after the disruption of the English Civil War.
  • In early 1649, the Confederates allied with the English Royalists, who had been defeated by the Parliamentarians in the English Civil War.

• Colonization

  • The Pilgrims of Massachusetts were pious, self-disciplined English people who wanted to escape religious persecution.
  • Because English investors had withdrawn, the field was open to entrepreneurs among the colonists.
  • Few thought the mounting quarrel with the English government would lead to all-out war against the British and to independence for the colonies.
  • Like the English political turmoil of the 17th and 18th centuries, the American Revolution (1775-1783) was both political and economic, bolstered by an emerging middle class with a rallying cry of "unalienable rights to life, liberty, and property" -- a phrase openly borrowed from English philosopher John Locke's Second Treatise on Civil Government (1690).
  • The war was triggered by an event in April 1775.

• The Hundred Years' War

  • In the 13th century, after the Magna Carta failed to prevent the Baron Wars, King John and his son King Henry III's reigns were characterized by numerous rebellions and civil wars, often provoked by incompetence and mismanagement in government.
  • Although primarily a dynastic conflict, the war gave impetus to ideas of French and English nationalism.
  • The dissatisfaction of English nobles, resulting from the loss of their continental landholdings, became a factor leading to the civil wars known as the Wars of the Roses (1455–1487).
  • In France, civil wars, deadly epidemics, famines, and bandit free-companies of mercenaries reduced the population drastically.
  • Historians commonly divide the war into three phases separated by truces: 1) the Edwardian Era War (1337–1360); 2) the Caroline War (1369–1389); and 3) the Lancastrian War (1415–1453), which saw the slow decline of English fortunes after the appearance of Joan of Arc in 1429.

• The Guatemalan Civil War

• The Syrian Civil War

• The Russian Civil War

• The Chinese Civil War

• The First Amendment

  • The First Amendment to the US Constitution is part of the Bill of Rights, and protects core American civil liberties.
  • Anti-war protests during World War I gave rise to several important free speech cases related to sedition and inciting violence.
  • United States, concerning the ability of the government to regulate speech against the draft during World War I.
  • However, the US Bill of Rights established more liberties than the English Bill of Rights.
  • Compare and contrast civil rights with civil liberties with respect to the First Amendment