dental plaque

Examples of dental plaque in the following topics:

• Biofilms and Infections

  • Infectious processes in which biofilms have been implicated include common problems such as urinary tract infections, catheter infections , middle-ear infections, formation of dental plaque, gingivitis, and coating contact lenses.
  • Dental plaque is a biofilm that adheres to teeth surfaces and consists of bacterial cells, salivary polymers, and bacterial extracellular products.
  • This accumulation of microorganisms subject the teeth and gingival tissues to high concentrations of bacterial metabolites which results in dental disease.
  • The biofilms attached to the surfaces of some dental alloys, impression materials, dental implants, restorative and cement materials play an essential role concerning the biofilms establishment dynamics toward the physical-chemical properties of the materials which biofilms are attached to.

• Tooth and Gum Infections

  • Some sites collect plaque more commonly than others.
  • Plaque may also collect above or below the gingiva where it is referred to as supra- or sub-gingival plaque respectively.
  • A dynamic equilibrium exists between dental plaque bacteria and the innate host defense system.
  • Dental plaque is the material that adheres to the teeth and consists of bacterial cells (mainly S. mutans and S. sanguis), salivary polymers, and bacterial extracellular products.
  • Plaque is a biofilm on the surfaces of the teeth.

• Biofilms, Persisters, and Antibiotic Tolerance

  • ., cystitis, endocarditis, urinary tract infections, gingivitis, dental plaque, and other yet to be identified conditions).

• Biofilms and Disease

  • They produce dental plaque and colonize catheters, prostheses, transcutaneous and orthopedic devices, contact lenses, and internal devices such as pacemakers.

• Defining Microbes

  • They produce dental plaque; colonize catheters, prostheses, transcutaneous, and orthopedic devices; and infect contact lenses, open wounds, and burned tissue.

• Periodontal Disease

  • Plaque-induced inflammatory lesions make up the vast majority of periodontal diseases, which are divided into peridontitis or gingivitis.
  • Redness or bleeding of gums while brushing teeth, using dental floss, or biting into hard food
  • The primary cause of gingivitis is poor oral hygiene which leads to the accumulation of bacterial matrix at the gum line, called dental plaque.
  • If left undisturbed, microbic plaque calcifies to form calculus, which is commonly called tartar.
  • Regular dental check-ups and professional teeth cleaning as required.

• Dental Caries

  • Dental caries cause demineralization of the hard tissues and destruction of the organic matter of the tooth.
  • These patients are particularly susceptible to dental caries.
  • Dental caries can also cause bad breath and foul tastes.
  • In most people, disorders or diseases affecting teeth are not the primary cause of dental caries.
  • Even in a healthy oral environment, however, the tooth is susceptible to dental caries.

• Desmosomes

  • On the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, there are two dense structures called the Outer Dense Plaque (ODP) and the Inner Dense Plaque (IDP).
  • The Outer Dense Plaque is where the cytoplasmic domains of the cadherins attach to desmoplakin via plakoglobin and plakophillin.
  • The Inner Dense Plaque is where desmoplakin attaches to the keratin filaments inside the cell.

• Orthodontics

  • Orthodontics is a dental specialty concerned with malocclusions caused by improperly sited teeth and/or problems with the mandible.
  • Diet affects jaw and dental development.
  • Soft, processed foods put less force on the developing jaw, resulting in a smaller jaw than would a diet of harder foods that requires more dental processing.
  • Orthodontic treatment can focus on dental displacement only, or can deal with the control and modification of facial growth.
  • For comprehensive orthodontic treatment, metal wires may be inserted into orthodontic brackets (dental braces), which can be made from stainless steel or a more aesthetic ceramic material .

• Benin

  • Many famous Benin brass plaques incorporated European designs, while others illustrated the relationship between the Benin and the Portuguese .
  • Over three thousand brass plaques were seized, and are now held in museums around the world.
  • The background portrays the floral pattern that is characteristic of plaques made at this time, and is reflective of Portuguese influence.
  • The image in the plaque consists of an Oba (king) surrounded by his subjects.
  • Apart from military and political strength, the plaque illustrates the relationship between the Portuguese and the Benin traders.