Atlantic trade

(noun)

The Atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade took place across the Atlantic ocean from the 16th through to the 19th centuries.

Related Terms

Examples of Atlantic trade in the following topics:

  • The Triangular Trade

    • The Atlantic slave trade took place across the Atlantic Ocean, predominantly from the 16th to the 19th centuries.
    • The Second Atlantic System, from the 17th through early 19th centuries, was the trade of enslaved Africans dominated by British, French, and Dutch merchants.
    • The term triangular trade is used to characterize much of the Atlantic trading system from the 16th to early 19th centuries, in which three main commodity-types—labor, crops, and manufactured goods—were traded in three key Atlantic geographic regions.
    • These Africans were transported across the Atlantic as slaves and were then sold or traded in the Americas for raw materials.
    • Diagram of a slave ship from the Atlantic slave trade.

  • Commerce in the New England Colonies

    • Within a century, New England colonies had become a key part of an Atlantic trade network.
    • By the end of the 17th century, New England colonists had tapped into a sprawling Atlantic trade network that connected them to the English homeland as well as the West African slave coast, the Caribbean's plantation islands, and the Iberian Peninsula.
    • The hunting of wildlife provided furs to be traded and food for the colonists' tables.
    • These local goods were shipped to towns and cities all along the Atlantic Coast.
    • This system of exchange was known as the Triangular Trade .

  • The Rise of the African Slave Trade

    • Driven by the desire for raw materials, new trading outlets, and cheap labor, Europeans initiated an extensive slave trade out of West Africa.
    • The major European slave trade began with Portugal’s exploration of the west coast of Africa in search of a trade route to the East.
    • The Atlantic slave trade peaked in the late 18th century, when the largest number of slaves was captured on raiding expeditions into the interior of West Africa.
    • Other researchers claim the Atlantic slave trade was not as detrimental to various African economies as some historians purport, and that African nations at the time were well-positioned to compete with pre-industrial Europe.
    • Examine how economic desires gave birth to and perpetuated the Atlantic slave trade

  • England and the High Seas

    • Throughout the 17th century, the British established numerous successful American colonies and dominated the Atlantic slave trade, which eventually led to creating the most powerful European empire.
    • In 1562, the English Crown encouraged the privateers John Hawkins and Francis Drake to engage in slave-raiding attacks against Spanish and Portuguese ships off the coast of West Africa with the aim of breaking into the Atlantic trade system.
    • To ensure that the increasingly healthy profits of this trade remained in English hands, Parliament decreed in 1651 Navigation Acts that only English ships would be able to ply their trade in English colonies.
    • Until the abolition of the slave trade in 1807, Britain was responsible for the transportation of 3.5 million African slaves to the Americas, a third of all slaves transported across the Atlantic.
    • Until the abolition of the slave trade in 1807, Britain was responsible for the transportation of 3.5 million African slaves to the Americas, a third of all slaves transported across the Atlantic.

  • Introduction to Cooperative Networking

    • Further north, a consortium of northeastern and mid-Atlantic states discuss a cap-and-trade program to curb carbon emissions.

  • The Atlantic Charter

    • The Atlantic Charter was a pivotal policy statement issued on 14 August 1941, that defined the Allied goals for the post-war world.
    • The Atlantic Charter made clear that America was supporting Britain in the war.
    • The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), the post-war independence of European colonies, and much more are derived from the Atlantic Charter.
    • Winston Churchill's edited copy of the final draft of the Atlantic Charter.
    • Explain what the Atlantic Charter promised, and who committed to it

  • The Middle Classes

    • Economic patterns of the middle class in the mid-Atlantic region were very similar to those in New England, with some variations for the ethnic origins of various immigrant communities.
    • Before 1720, most colonists in the mid-Atlantic region worked with small-scale farming and paid for imported manufactures by supplying the West Indies with corn and flour.
    • In New York, a fur pelt export trade to Europe flourished, adding additional wealth to the region.
    • After 1720, mid-Atlantic farming was stimulated by the international demand for wheat.
    • Differentiate between the economic activities of the middle classes of the New England, mid-Atlantic, and Southern colonies

  • Conflict in the Atlantic

    • The Battle of the Atlantic was the longest continuous military campaign in World War II, running from 1939 to the defeat of Germany in 1945.
    • The Battle of the Atlantic was the dominating factor all through the war.
    • The name "Battle of the Atlantic" was coined by Winston Churchill in February 1941.
    • The Royal Navy quickly introduced a convoy system for the protection of trade that gradually extended out from the British Isles, eventually reaching as far as Panama, Bombay and Singapore.
    • Dönitz calculated 300 of the latest Atlantic Boats (the Type VII), would create enough havoc among Allied shipping that Britain would be knocked out of the war.

  • The Setbacks in the Atlantic

    • The U-boat fleet, which was to dominate so much of the Battle of the Atlantic, was small at the beginning of the war.
    • The Royal Navy quickly introduced a convoy system for the protection of trade that gradually extended out from the British Isles, eventually reaching as far as Panama, Bombay, and Singapore.
    • In the South Atlantic, British forces were stretched by the cruise of Admiral Graf Spee, which sank nine merchant ships of 50,000 GRT in the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans during the first three months of war.
    • After this initial burst of activity, the Atlantic campaign quieted down.
    • Discuss the initial Allied setbacks in the Atlantic, including Churchill's failed "offensive" strategy.

  • Portugal and West Africa

    • He also aimed to probe whether it was possible to reach the Indies by sea, the source of the lucrative spice trade.
    • Soon the Atlantic islands of Madeira (1419) and Azores (1427) were reached.
    • Evolved from fishing ships designs, they were the first that could leave the coastal cabotage navigation and sail safely on the open Atlantic.
    • But the slave trade eventually became a major issue of dispute in the region.
    • The introduction of the caravel allowed Portuguese mariners to travel and navigate on the open Atlantic Ocean.