Examples of African-American Great Migration in the following topics:
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The Great Migration and the "Promised Land"
- The Great Migration was the movement of African Americans out of the rural Southern United States to the Northeast, Midwest, and West.
- By the end of the Second Great Migration, usually considered to have occurred between 1940 and 1970, African Americans had become an urbanized population.
- The African-American Great Migration created the first large, urban black communities in the North.
- While the Great Migration helped educated African Americans obtain jobs, the migrants encountered significant forms of discrimination.
- Examine the causes and effects of the Great Migration of African Americans from the rural South to the North.
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Changing Demographics
- In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the Mexican population in the U.S. grew and African-Americans migrated to the North.
- From 1910 to 1970, approximately 6 million African-Americans moved out of the rural Southern U.S. into the Northeast, Midwest, and West in what historians have called the African-American Great Migration.
- Between 1910 and 1930, the African-American population increased by about 40% in northern states as a result of the migration, mostly in the major cities.
- This later painting, titled "During World War I there was a great migration north by southern Negroes" by the artist Jacob Lawrence, depicts African-American migration north via abstract images.
- Analyze the causes and challenges of both the Great Migration of African Americans and the immigration of Mexicans in the United States
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The "Color Line"
- Du Bois was a prominent African-American intellectual who was active in the early 20th century, promoting full civil equality.
- Du Bois would go on to be a prominent leader in the pursuit of African-American civil rights.
- The private sector was not the only source of racism; under President Wilson, the plight of African-Americans in government jobs suffered.
- Du Bois also wrote an editorial supporting the African-American Great Migration, the movement of blacks from the southern U.S. to the Northeast, Midwest, and West, because he felt it would help blacks escape southern racism, find economic opportunities, and assimilate into American society.
- Du Bois was a prominent advocate for African-American rights in the twentieth century.
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The Harlem Renaissance
- Harlem became an African-American neighborhood in the early 1900s, during the Great Migration in which many sought a better standard of living and relief from the institutionalized racism in the South.
- Locke, who were pressing for young African American artists to express their African heritage and African American folk culture in their art.
- Jacob Lawrence (Atlantic City, NJ September 7, 1917; Seattle June 9, 2000) was an African-American painter known for his portrayal of African-American life.
- Lawrence is among the best-known 20th-century African-American painters.
- The series depicted the Great Migration of African Americans from the rural South to the urban North.
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Racial Friction
- Numerous examples of postwar racial friction sparked by Nativism and the Great Migration reached a peak in the 1919 Red Summer.
- Northern manufacturers recruited throughout the South, sparking an exodus of African-American workers that became known as the Great Migration.
- The Passing of the Great Race achieved wide popularity among Americans and influenced immigration policy.
- African-Americans had to make great cultural changes, as most went from rural areas to major industrial cities and had to adjust from being rural laborers to urban workers.
- A white gang looking for African Americans during the Chicago Race Riot of 1919.
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The "Nadir of Race Relations" and the Great Migration
- The early 1900s marked the low point in 20th-century race relations between white Americans and African Americans.
- The nadir of race relations in the United States was an ideological era of nationwide hostility directed from white Americans against African Americans.
- In what became known as the Great Migration, more than 1.5 million black people left the South, and, while they faced difficulties, their chances overall were better in the North.
- The years during and after World War I saw profound social tensions in the United States, not only because of the effects of the Great Migration and European immigration but also due to demobilization and the competition for jobs with returning veterans.
- A white gang looking for African Americans during the Chicago Race Riot of 1919.
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The Changed Role of Women
- The period directly following the Revolutionary War was one of great hope and indecision for African Americans.
- A massive migration, not unlike the Great Migration many years later, took place at the close of the war with primarily African American women moving to urban areas in the North.
- Most free African Americans in northern urban centers were employed in “service trades” such as cooking and catering, cleaning stables, cutting hair, or driving coaches.
- Additionally, many employers in the North refused to house whole families of free African Americans, preferring only to board domestic laborers, who tended to be women.
- African American women made efforts to continue to support and maintain ties to their kin in these situations, but obstacles remained ever-present and challenging.
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African American Migration
- The Exodus of 1879, also known as the Kansas Exodus or the Exoduster Movement, refers to the mass movement of African Americans from states along the Mississippi River to Kansas in the late nineteenth century.
- It was the first general migration of blacks following the Civil War.
- This sudden wave of migration came as a great surprise to many white Americans, who did not realize that black southerners were free in name only.
- The Exodus was not universally praised by African Americans.
- Summarize the patterns of African American migration in the late nineteenth century
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Migration
- An example of internal migration that is motivated by both social and economic factors is the trend among young, well-educated Americans to move to large cities after college or graduate school.
- In the United States, industrialization also led to considerable internal migration (or human migration within a nation) of African Americans from the rural South to the urban North.
- From 1910-1970, approximately seven million African Americans migrated north to escape both poor economic opportunities and considerable political and social prejudice in the South.
- This phenomenon came to be known in the United States as the Great Migration.
- Discuss the types of migration in society and the various theories that explain migration
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African Americans as a Political Force
- Collectively, African Americans are more involved in the American political process than other minority groups.
- The large majority of African Americans support the Democratic Party.
- Although there is an African American lobby in foreign policy, it has not had the impact that African American organizations have had in domestic policy.
- The African American trend of voting for Democrats can be traced back to the 1930s during the Great Depression, when Franklin D.
- Roosevelt's New Deal program provided economic relief for African Americans.