reticulum

(noun)

A network

Related Terms

Examples of reticulum in the following topics:

  • The Endoplasmic Reticulum

    • The endoplasmic reticulum is an organelle that is responsible for the synthesis of lipids and the modification of proteins.
    • The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a series of interconnected membranous sacs and tubules that collectively modifies proteins and synthesizes lipids.
    • The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is continuous with the RER but has few or no ribosomes on its cytoplasmic surface.
    • This transmission electron micrograph shows the rough endoplasmic reticulum and other organelles in a pancreatic cell.
    • Describe the structure of the endoplasmic reticulum and its role in synthesis and metabolism

  • Regulatory Proteins

    • The concentration of calcium within muscle cells is controlled by the sarcoplasmic reticulum, a unique form of endoplasmic reticulum in the sarcoplasm.
    • Muscle contraction ends when calcium ions are pumped back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum, allowing the muscle cell to relax.
    • The inward flow of calcium from the L-type calcium channels activates ryanodine receptors to release calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
    • Calcium remains in the sarcoplasmic reticulum until released by a stimulus.

  • Excitation–Contraction Coupling

    • A neural signal is the electrical trigger for calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the sarcoplasm.
    • The action potential triggers the sarcoplasmic reticulum to release of Ca2+, which activate troponin and stimulate muscle contraction.
    • The sarcoplasmic reticulum is a specialized endoplasmic reticulum found in muscle cells.

  • Skeletal Muscle Fibers

    • Each myofibril is surrounded by the sarcoplasmic reticulum which is closely associated with the transverse tubules.
    • The sarcoplasmic reticulum acts as a sink of Ca+ ions, which are released upon signalling from the transverse tubules.

  • Vertebrate Digestive Systems

    • The four compartments of the stomach are called the rumen, reticulum, omasum, and abomasum.
    • These animals do not have a rumen, but do have an omasum, abomasum, and reticulum.
    • The first two stomachs, the rumen and the reticulum, contain prokaryotes and protists that are able to digest cellulose fiber.
    • The ruminant regurgitates cud from the reticulum, chews it, and swallows it into a third stomach, the omasum, which removes water.

  • Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells

    • numerous membrane-bound organelles (including the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, chloroplasts, and mitochondria)
    • The endoplasmic reticulum modifies proteins and synthesizes lipids, while the golgi apparatus is where the sorting, tagging, packaging, and distribution of lipids and proteins takes place.
    • The nucleus stores chromatin (DNA plus proteins) in a gel-like substance called the nucleoplasm.The nucleolus is a condensed region of chromatin where ribosome synthesis occurs.The boundary of the nucleus is called the nuclear envelope.It consists of two phospholipid bilayers: an outer membrane and an inner membrane.The nuclear membrane is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum.Nuclear pores allow substances to enter and exit the nucleus.

  • Plant Responses to Gravity

    • When amyloplasts settle to the bottom of the gravity-sensing cells in the root or shoot, they physically contact the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).

  • The Nucleus and Ribosomes

    • The nuclear membrane is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum, while nuclear pores allow substances to enter and exit the nucleus.

  • Neurons

    • Each neuron has a cell body (or soma) that contains a nucleus, smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, and other cellular components.

  • Methods of Intracellular Signaling

    • For signaling purposes, Ca2+ is stored in cytoplasmic vesicles, such as the endoplasmic reticulum, or accessed from outside the cell.