First Romanesque

(noun)

The name given by Josep Puig i Cadafalch to refer to the Romanesque art developed in Catalonia since the late 10th century.

Related Terms

Examples of First Romanesque in the following topics:

  • First Romanesque Architecture

    • The First Romanesque style developed in the Catalan territory and demonstrated a lower level of expertise than the later Romanesque style.
    • Romanesque architecture is often divided into two periods: the "First Romanesque" style and the "Romanesque" style.
    • To avoid the term Pre-Romanesque, which is often used with a much broader meaning to refer to early Medieval and early Christian art (and in Spain may also refer to the Visigothic, Asturias, Mozarabic, and Repoblación art forms) Puig i Cadafalch preferred to use the term "First Romanesque" or "first Romanesque art" to designate those Catalan anticipations of the Romanesque itself.
    • The First Romanesque style, also known as Lombard Romanesque style, is characterized by thick walls, lack of sculpture, and the presence of rhythmic ornamental arches known as a Lombard band.
    • The difference between the First Romanesque and later Romanesque styles is chiefly a matter of the expertise with which the buildings were constructed.

  • Norman Architecture

    • In particular, the term "Norman architecture" is traditionally used to refer to English Romanesque architecture.
    • Romanesque styles originated in Normandy and became widespread in northwestern Europe, particularly in England.
    • Indeed, England was influential in the development of Romanesque architecture and has the largest number of surviving examples.
    • Edward the Confessor was brought up in Normandy, and in 1042 he brought masons to work on Westminster Abbey, the first Romanesque building in England.
    • It was founded in 1063 by William the Conqueror and is one of the most important Romanesque buildings in Normandy.

  • Cluny

    • Cluny Abbey, first built in 910 in Romanesque style, influenced future architecture in Western Europe into the twelfth century.
    • It was built in the Romanesque style, with three churches built in succession from the 10th to the early 12th centuries.
    • Romanesque Architecture: In keeping with the Romanesque style, Cluny was characterized by its massive quality, thick walls, round arches, sturdy piers, groin vaults, large towers and decorative arcading.
    • Cluny Abbey was a prime example of Romanesque architecture and influenced architectural practice throughout Western Europe after its creation into the twelfth century.

  • Romanesque Art

    • Romanesque art refers to the art of Europe from the late 10th century to the rise of the Gothic style in the 13th century.
    • The term "Romanesque" was invented by 19th century art historians to first refer specifically to architecture of the time period, which retained many basic features of Roman architectural style—most notably semi-circular arches—but had also developed many very different and regional characteristics.
    • In Southern France, Spain, and Italy, there had been architectural continuity with the Late Antique period, but the Romanesque style was the first style to spread across the whole of Catholic Europe, making it the first pan-European style since Imperial Roman Architecture.
    • Aside from Romanesque architecture, the art of the period was characterized by a vigorous style in both painting and sculpture.
    • This abbey, founded in 1093, is an example of Romanesque architecture.

  • Romanesque Sculpture

    • Sculpture from the Romanesque period saw advances in metalwork, enamels, and figurative friezes and scenes found in architecture.
    • Romanesque art is the art of Europe from approximately 1000 CE to the rise of the Gothic style in the 13th century or later, depending on region.
    • The preceding period is known as the Pre-Romanesque period.
    • In Southern France, Spain, and Italy, there was an architectural continuity with the Late Antique, but the Romanesque style was the first style to spread across the whole of Catholic Europe, from Sicily to Scandinavia.
    • Most Romanesque sculpture is pictorial and biblical in subject.

  • The Romanesque Period

    • Romanesque art was affected by shifting political powers following the Carolingian period, and the mobility of peoples during the Crusades.
    • Romanesque architecture was the first distinctive style to spread across Europe after the collapse of the Roman Empire.
    • Despite the impression of 19th century Art Historians that Romanesque architecture was a continuation of Roman styles, Roman building techniques in brick and stone were largely lost in most parts of Europe.
    • The continual movement of people, rulers, nobles, bishops, abbots, craftsmen and peasants, was an important factor in creating a homogeneity in building methods and a recognizable Romanesque style, despite regional differences.
    • Indeed, it is often these that have survived when cathedrals and city churches have been rebuilt, and no Romanesque royal palace has really survived.The lay artist was becoming a valued figure; Nicholas of Verdun seems to have been known across the continent.

  • Romanesque Painting and Stained Glass

    • Painting from the Romanesque era consisted of elaborate mural decorations and exquisite stained glass.
    • The large wall surfaces and plain, curving vaults of the architecture of the Romanesque period lent themselves to elaborate wall paintings and mural decorations.
    • In other countries, such Romanesque wall paintings have suffered from war, neglect, and changing fashion.
    • Glass craftsmen were slower than architects to change their style, and much glasswork from the first part of the 13th century can be considered as essentially Romanesque.
    • Give examples of Romanesque painting and art in France and Spain.

  • Gothic Architecture: The Abbey Church of Saint Denis

    • The Abbey Church of Saint Denis is known as the first Gothic structure and was developed in the 12th century by Abbot Suger.
    • Both stylistically and structurally, it heralded the change from Romanesque architecture to Gothic architecture.
    • Saint Denis is a patron saint of France and, according to legend, was the first Bishop of Paris.
    • The first, who was responsible for the initial work at the western end, favored conventional Romanesque capitals and molding profiles with rich and individualized detailing.
    • This was the first time that these features had all been brought together.

  • Romanesque Illustrated Books

    • Many books of worship produced during the Romanesque period were characterized by illuminated manuscript.
    • It was produced in England around 1170, and is considered a striking example of the Romanesque style.
    • The book opens with an illustrated calendar, and each month begins with the historiated letters "KL", an abbreviation for kalenda (i.e. the first day of the month).
    • The Winchester Bible is a Romanesque illuminated manuscript produced in Winchester between 1160 and 1175.
    • Identify the most well-known examples of illuminated bibles and psalters during the Romanesque period.

  • Wiligelmo and Other Forms of Architecture

    • The Romanesque period was a time of great development in the design and construction of defensive architecture.
    • The Romanesque period was a time of great development in the design and construction of defensive architecture.
    • A significant motif of Romanesque design is the spiral, a form applied to both plant motifs and drapery in Romanesque sculpture.
    • He was the first sculptor in Italy who started again to produce large size sculptures and signed his work.
    • It is a masterpiece of Romanesque sculpture.