Twelfth Amendment

Examples of Twelfth Amendment in the following topics:

• The Election of 1824

  • The presidential election of 1824 is notable for being the only election since the passage of the Twelfth Amendment to have been decided by the House of Representatives.
  • The Twelfth Amendment, passed in 1804, addressed concerns that had arisen in the elections of 1796 and 1800 and stated that an election would be turned over to the House if no candidate secured a majority of the electoral vote.
  • Because Jackson did not receive a majority vote from the Electoral College, the election was decided following the terms of the Twelfth Amendment, which stipulated that when a candidate did not receive a majority of electoral votes, the election went to the House of Representatives, where each state would provide one vote.
  • Following the provisions of the Twelfth Amendment, only the top three candidates in the electoral vote were admitted as candidates in the House: Andrew Jackson, John Quincy Adams, and William Harris Crawford.

• The Election of 1796

  • The ratification of the Twelfth Amendment to the U.S.
  • This system of balloting was not changed until the Twelfth Amendment (1804), which allowed for the notion of a running mate by stipulating separate balloting for president and vice president.
  • The 1796 election provided the impetus for the Twelfth Amendment to the U.S.

• The Republican Victory

  • Furthermore, this system of balloting was changed by the Twelfth Amendment (1804), which called for a "party ticket" (one president and one vice-presidential candidate) that the Electoral College had to cast votes for, rather than selecting individuals.

• The Republican Alternative

  • This system of balloting was later changed by the 1804 Twelfth Amendment, which created a party ticket (one president and one vice presidential candidate), for which the electoral college had to cast votes, rather than casting votes for individuals.

• The Election of 1800 and the Federalist Legacy

  • In response to the chaos of the election, the Twelfth Amendment to the Constitution was adopted in 1804, calling for a "party ticket" consisting of one presidential and one vice presidential candidate.

• The Reconstruction Amendments

  • The Thirteenth Amendment abolishing slavery was ratified in 1865.
  • The Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S.
  • The Fourteenth Amendment, adopted on July 9, 1868, was the second of three Reconstruction Amendments.
  • The Fifteenth Amendment to the U.S.
  • The Fourteenth Amendment, depicted here, allowed for the incorporation of the First Amendment against the states.

• The Bill of Rights

  • They were adopted by the House of Representatives, and came into effect as Constitutional Amendments on December 15, 1791.
  • First Amendment: establishment clause, free exercise clause; freedom of speech, of the press, and of assembly; right to petition.
  • Second Amendment: establishes the right of the state to having militia and the right of the individual to keep and bear arms.
  • Eighth Amendment: prohibits of excessive bail and cruel and unusual punishment.
  • Ninth Amendment: protects the rights not specifically enumerated in the Constitution.

• The Bill of Rights

  • One of the remaining two was adopted as the 27th Amendment and the other technically remains pending before the states.
  • First Amendment: establishment clause, free exercise clause; freedom of speech, of the press, and of assembly; right to petition
  • Fifth Amendment: guarantees due process, prohibits legal double jeopardy, protects against self-incrimination, establishes eminent domain
  • Sixth Amendment: guarantees trial by jury and rights of the accused; Confrontation Clause, speedy trial, public trial, right to counsel
  • Ninth Amendment: protects the rights not specifically enumerated in the Constitution

• Johnson's Battle with Congress

  • Johnson ignored this, and openly encouraged southern states to refuse the ratification of the 14th Amendment.
  • The Reconstruction Amendments, the 13th, 14th and 15th amendments, were adopted between 1865 and 1870.
  • The 13th Amendment, which abolished slavery, was ratified in 1865.
  • The 14th Amendment, proposed in 1866 and ratified in 1868, guaranteed United States citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States, and granted them federal civil rights.
  • The states were also required to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution and grant voting rights to black men

• Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, and the Movement for Women's Suffrage

  • Women's suffrage in the United States was achieved gradually, at state and local levels, during the late 19th century and early 20th century, culminating in 1920 with the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution which gave women the right to vote.
  • Their object was to secure an amendment to the Constitution in favor of women's suffrage, and they opposed passage of the Fifteenth Amendment unless it was changed to guarantee to women the right to vote.
  • After the American Civil War, both Stanton and Anthony broke with their abolitionist backgrounds and lobbied strongly against ratification of the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments to the US Constitution, which granted African American men the right to vote.
  • In the decade following ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment, both Stanton and Anthony increasingly took the position, first advocated by Victoria Woodhull, that the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments actually did give women the right to vote.
  • They argued that the Fourteenth Amendment, which defined citizens as "all persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof," included women and that the Fifteenth Amendment provided all citizens with the right to vote.