Examples of The Fundamentals in the following topics:
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- Christian Fundamentalism, also known as Fundamentalist Christianity, or Fundamentalism, arose out of
British and American Protestantism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries
among Evangelical Christians.
- Fundamentalism
has roots in British and American theology of the 19th century.
- A
third school of thought grew out of the release of a 12-volume set of 90 essays
called, The Fundamentals: A Testimony to
the Truth.
- By
the late 1920s the first two schools of thought – Dispensationalism and
Princeton Theology – had become central to Fundamentalism.
- Analyze the origins of Christian Fundamentalism in late 19th- and early 20th-century America
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- The Province of Carolina was created when Charles II rewarded the Lords Proprietor lands that include the modern day Carolinas and Georgia.
- The most active in the colonies was Lord Anthony Ashley Cooper, the 1st Earl of Shaftsbury.
- Shaftesbury, with the assistance of his secretary, the philosopher John Locke, drafted the Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina, a plan for government of the colony.
- In 1691, dissent over the governance of the province led to the appointment of a deputy governor to administer the northern half of Carolina.
- The division between the northern and southern governments became complete in 1712, but both colonies remained in the hands of the same group of proprietors.
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- The origins of the Civil War were rooted in the fundamentally different economic
and social structures of the North and South.
- One of the main causes for the Civil War was
slavery.
- The Southern economy, on the other hand, was dominated by the plantation system,
which in turn relied heavily upon the continued institution of slavery.
- By the time of the 1860 election, the heavily
agricultural Southern states as a group had fewer Electoral College votes than
the rapidly industrializing Northern states.
- The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 outraged too many Northerners
and led to the formation of the Republican Party, the first major party with no
appeal in the South.
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- The American language of liberty is a concept deeply rooted in the Anglo-American colonial experience as well as the American Revolution.
- It is invoked to describe the fundamental rights of citizens as defined in the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution, and the Bill of Rights.
- However, by the mid 18th century, these civic ideals had been enshrined in the American colonial political system as a fundamental foundation of political rights and liberties.
- In the aftermath of the American Revolution and the establishment of the United States republic, many contemporaries lauded the Bill of Rights and the Constitution as the legacies of Enlightenment and liberal British principles that would safeguard the rights and liberties of American men.
- However, as historians have argued, the Constitution also safeguarded American slavery as a fundamental right to property.
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- In the new frontier regions, the revivals of the Second Great Awakening took the form of vast and exhilarating camp meetings.
- In the newly settled frontier regions, the revivals of the Second Great Awakening took the form of camp meetings.
- With the effort of such leaders as Barton W.
- The Cumberland Presbyterian Church emerged in Kentucky, and Cane Ridge was instrumental in fostering what became known as the "Restoration Movement," which was made up of nondenominational churches committed to what they saw as the original, fundamental Christianity of the New Testament.
- They were an integral part of the frontier expansion of the Second Great Awakening.
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- The Wilmot Proviso, proposed in August 1846,
rapidly brought the issue to the political forefront.
- For many Southerners, the
Wilmot Proviso forced the issue of slavery as a central component of the
Mexican War.
- For Wilmot and
other Whigs, slavery was a fundamental threat to the United States not because
of its brutality or coercive structure, but because it encroached on the rights
of white freemen to labor and cultivate new lands in the West.
- The
Wilmot Proviso was killed in the Senate, but the debate it sparked revealed a
fundamental divide between Northern and Southern politicians, which translated to
a national sectarian split over the governance of new territories.
- A cartoon depicting the ideological split within the Whig Party in the lead up to the June 1848 convention; the Wilmot Proviso was the ultimate obstacle to presidential hopeful Zachary Taylor as he attempted to court Southern support for his campaign.
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- Therefore, the 1789 Judiciary Act was unconstitutional and the Supreme Court could not compel the president to accept Marbury's appointment.
- However, Marshall had established the foundational concept of judicial review—the power of the Supreme Court to rule on the constitutionality of congressional legislation and presidential acts.
- According to the Constitution, there is one simple provision that "the judicial power of the United States shall be vested in one supreme Court. " What this judicial power was or how the Court was to wield it is left remarkably blank in the rest of the document.
- Madison, Justice Marshall defined the Court's judicial power as the authority to judge the actions of the other two federal branches of government—claiming that judicial review was a logical and implicit principle established in the Constitution.
- Essentially, the decision handed down by Marshall strengthened the power of the federal judiciary and permanently cemented its fundamental role in shaping both state and federal law—expanding the powers of the national government and ensuring a permanent Federalist legacy in the separation of federal powers.
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- Political groups such as the Sons of Liberty evolved into groups such as The Committees of Correspondence: shadow governments organized by the Patriot leaders of the Thirteen Colonies on the eve of the American Revolution.
- Throughout the Stamp Act Crisis, the Sons of Liberty professed continued loyalty to the King because they maintained a "fundamental confidence" in the expectation that Parliament would do the right thing and repeal the tax.
- Several of its members were printers/publishers and distributed articles about the meetings and demonstrations the Sons of Liberty held, as well as about its fundamental political beliefs and what it wanted to accomplish.
- In print, they related the major events of the struggle against the new acts to promote their cause and vilify the local officers of the British government.
- The inter-communication afforded the Colonies by the widespread nature of the Sons of Liberty allowed for decisive action against the Townshend Act in 1768.
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- The New Deal is often called the "halfway revolution," because many argue that the New Deal did not go far enough.
- The New Deal has often been called the "halfway revolution. " Essentially, this critique of the New Deal claims that the New Deal did not go far enough in its social or economic reforms.
- Despite the criticisms that the New Deal did not go "far enough," the New Deal was at least a "halfway" revolution, a major step for liberalism in the United States.
- Still, although fundamental economic indicators may have remained depressed, the programs of the New Deal were extremely popular, as they improved the life of the common citizen, by providing jobs for the unemployed, legal protection for labor unionists, modern utilities for rural America, living wages for the working poor, and price stability for the family farmer.
- The critics emphasized the absence of a philosophy of reform to explain the failure of New Dealers to attack fundamental social problems.
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- The events of the Glorious Revolution reaffirmed that Parliament was the highest authority in the nation, and more significantly, that the monarch could not rule without parliamentary consent and approval.
- The highly intellectual Enlightenment was dominated by philosophers who opposed the absolute rule of the monarchs of their day and instead emphasized the equality of all individuals and the idea that governments derived their existence from the consent of the governed.
- For instance, in 1690, John Locke (one of the fathers of the English Enlightenment) wrote that all people have fundamental natural rights to "life, liberty, and property" and that governments were created in order to protect these rights.
- Unlike the colonial mother state of Britain, Anglo-American colonial representative government was an intensely localized process where elections and participation in assemblies and court trials were a fundamental aspect of proper civic life.
- By the mid-18th century, these civic ideals had been enshrined in the American colonial political system as a fundamental foundation of political rights and liberties.