manufacturing

Examples of manufacturing in the following topics:

• Manufacturing

  • Within a few decades, manufacturing technology had evolved further, and the ideas behind the "American System" were in use worldwide.
  • Since the parts were interchangeable, it became possible to separate manufacture from assembly, which could then be carried out by semi-skilled labor on an assembly line - an example of the division of labor.
  • In his Report on Manufacturers, Hamilton argued that an expansion of manufacturing (particularly of textiles) was necessary in order to produce nationally made finished goods--and thereby reduce American dependence on European products.
  • Hence, for the Federalists, manufacturing was of primary importance to federal policy because it served as a breeding ground for new generations of talented, virtuous republican leaders.
  • The Arsenel at Springfield was a center of manufacturing, including interchangeable parts, during the War of 1812, when US manufacturing increased due to the isolation of war.

• A Market Society

  • The Market Revolution of the early 19th century saw advances in technology, transportation, communication, and manufacturing.
  • The new technologies and tools that arrived with the Industrial Revolution strengthened large-scale domestic manufacturing in the United States.
  • Manufacturing came to depend on conveyor belts, interchangeable parts, and industrial tools.
  • Construction of the Erie Canal connected western agricultural markets to the manufacturing centers of the Northeast, and the development of steamboats and railroads allowed for much greater mobility between markets.
  • Summarize the key social and economic transformations that accompanied the nation's movement away from small-scale subsistence farming and toward agriculture and manufacturing aimed at the market

• Modern Management

  • The mechanization of the manufacturing process allowed workers to be more productive in less time and factories to operate more efficiently.
  • The Gilded Age was marked by increased mechanization in manufacturing.
  • Career tracks were offered to skilled blue collar jobs and white collar managers, starting in railroads and expanding into finance, manufacturing, and trade.

• Protective Tariffs

  • In his "Report on Manufactures," Hamilton proposed a far-reaching plan to use protective tariffs as a lever for rapid industrialization.
  • Cloth in the early United States was nearly all hand made, which was a time consuming and expensive process, whereas the new textile manufacturing techniques in Britain were often over 30 times cheaper.
  • Once industrialization and mass production started, manufacturers and factory workers demanded higher tariffs.
  • The North had an expanding manufacturing base while the South did not; therefore, the South imported far more manufactured goods than the North, causing such tariffs to fall most heavily on the southern states.
  • The tariff forced the South to buy manufactured goods from U.S. manufacturers, mainly in the North and at a higher price, while southern states also faced a reduced income from lost sales of raw materials.

• Promoting Economic Development

  • In order to foster economic development in a financially shaky new nation, Hamilton stressed the development of manufacturing and commercial interests.
  • In the 1790s, Hamilton and the Federalist Party extolled innovation in manufacturing (demonstrated by the development of the "American System") as the supreme virtues of American republicanism.
  • Because the parts were interchangeable, it became possible to separate manufacturing from assembly, which then could be carried out by semi-skilled laborers on an assembly line—an example of the division of labor.
  • In his Report on Manufactures, Hamilton argued that an expansion of manufacturing (particularly of textiles) was necessary in order to produce nationally made finished goods—and thereby reduce American dependence on European products.
  • Hence, for the Federalists, manufacturing was of primary importance to federal policy because it served as a breeding ground for new generations of talented, virtuous republican leaders.

• The Factory System

  • Between 1800 and 1820, specialized machinery replaced hand tools, and new industrial tools that rapidly increased the quality and efficiency of manufacturing emerged.
  • This invention, along with Eli Whitney's cotton gin, set the stage for the development of interchangeable parts and the assembly line, which would revolutionize manufacturing globally.
  • The use of interchangeable parts separated manufacture from assembly, allowing assembly to be carried out by sequentially adding parts to a product.
  • The assembly line, relying on these parts, became a particularly prominent feature of manufacturing in the late 19th and 20 centuries.
  • The Waltham-Lowell system became a template for manufacturing in the textile industry.

• The Industrial Revolution

  • The Industrial Revolution was a global phenomenon marked by the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to 1840.
  • During this Revolution, changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, transportation, and technology profoundly affected social and economic conditions in the United States.
  • Between 1800 and 1820, additional industrial tools emerged that rapidly increased the quality and efficiency of manufacturing.
  • In the first two decades of the 1800s, the development of all-metal machine tools and interchangeable parts facilitated the manufacture of new production machines for many industries.
  • Steam power fueled by coal, wide utilization of water wheels, and powered machinery became common features of the manufacturing industry.

• Early Textile Manufactures

  • In the late 18th century, the English textile industry had adopted technological innovations that greatly improved the efficiency and quality of textile manufacture: the spinning jenny, water frame, and spinning mule.
  • Though financially unstable, the Manufactory served as a playground of innovation and developed a water-powered milling structure used by later manufacturers.
  • He memorized the design of textile machines, and on his return o the United States, he established the Boston Manufacturing Company .
  • Most laborers in this industry were women, though textile manufacturers frequently employed children as well.
  • Describe the technological and social innovations of the early American textile manufacturers

• Manufacturing and Trade

  • Economic policy was the subject of intense political conflicts between northern manufacturers and southern agricultural planters.
  • Manufacturing and trade played important roles in the economy of the Old South during the antebellum years.
  • Economic policy was the subject of intense political conflicts as Northern manufacturers who demanded protective tariffs, while Southern agricultural interests vehemently opposed them.
  • Many South Carolina politicians blamed the change in fortunes on the national tariff policy that developed after the War of 1812 to promote American manufacturing over its British competition.
  • Describe the role of manufacturing and trade importation in the economy of the Old South

• The Market Revolution

  • With the growth of large-scale domestic manufacturing, trade within the U.S. increased and dependence on foreign imports declined.
  • Commercial agriculture and domestic manufacturing became crucial sectors of the American economy.
  • Whitney went on to develop muskets with interchangeable parts, a technology employed by Northern manufacturers in many different industries.
  • Rather than let it go to waste, they began to transport crop surpluses to sell in the manufacturing Northeast.
  • With a new generation of leaders, the Republican Party came to embrace the principles of government activism and the development of large-scale domestic manufacturing.