de jure

(adjective)

By right, in accordance with the law, legally.

Related Terms

(adjective)

De jure is an expression that means "concerning law," as contrasted with de facto, which means "concerning fact. " The terms de jure and de facto are used instead of "in law" and "in practice," respectively, when one is describing political or legal situations.

Related Terms

Examples of de jure in the following topics:

  • Jim Crow Laws

    • Jim Crow laws, enacted between 1876 and 1965, mandated de jure racial segregation in the public facilities of southern states.
    • They mandated de jure (or legalized) racial segregation in all public facilities in southern states of the former Confederacy, with a supposedly "separate but equal" status for black Americans .
    • De jure segregation mainly applied to the southern United States.
    • Northern segregation was generally de facto (in practice, rather than established by formal laws), with patterns of segregation in housing enforced by covenants, bank lending practices, and job discrimination, including discriminatory union practices, for decades.

  • Jim Crow Laws

    • These laws mandated de jure (i.e. legalized) racial segregation in all public facilities—public schools, public transportation, and public places such as restrooms, restaurants, and drinking fountains—in former Confederate states, with a supposedly "separate-but-equal" status for black Americans.
    • De jure segregation applied mainly in the Southern United States.
    • Northern segregation was generally de facto (i.e. occurring in practice, rather than being established by formal laws), with patterns of segregation in housing enforced by covenants, bank lending practices, and job discrimination—including discriminatory union practices—for decades.

  • The Spread of Segregation

    • They mandated de jure racial segregation in all public facilities in southern states of the former Confederacy, with a supposedly "separate but equal" status for black Americans.
    • De jure segregation mainly applied to the southern United States.
    • Northern segregation was generally de facto, with patterns of segregation in housing enforced by covenants, bank lending practices and job discrimination.

  • Legally Free, Socially Bound

    • The Jim Crow laws were enacted on the state and local levels between 1876 and 1965, and mandated de jure segregation in all public facilities, with a supposedly "separate but equal" status for black Americans .

  • Disenfranchising African Americans

    • They mandated de jure racial segregation in all public facilities in southern states of the former Confederacy, with a supposedly "separate but equal" status for black Americans.
    • De jure segregation mainly applied to the southern United States.
    • Northern segregation was generally de facto, with patterns of segregation in housing enforced by covenants, bank lending practices and job discrimination.

  • The Growth of Suburbs

    • Board of Education (1954) ordered the de jure termination of the "separate, but equal" legal racism established with the Plessy v.

  • The Warren Court

    • As a result, de jure racial segregation was ruled a violation of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution.

  • Surrender at Yorktown

    • Cornwallis was shadowed by a force of 4,500 French forces under the command of the Marquis de Lafayette.
    • De Grasse sailed from the West Indies and arrived in the Chesapeake Bay in late August 1781.
    • British Admiral Sir Thomas Graves led a fleet from New York to meet de Grasse but underestimated the strength of the French fleet.
    • In early September, the British were defeated by de Grasse in the Battle of the Chesapeake and forced to fall back to New York.
    • As a result of this victory, de Grasse established a naval blockade of Yorktown.

  • France and Spain in the Revolutionary War

    • Prior to France's official involvement, King Louis XVI and the French Foreign Minister Charles Gravier, the comte de Vergennes, authorized merchants to covertly sell gunpowder and ammunition to the Patriots.
    • Examples of these volunteers include Pierre Charles L’Enfant and Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette.
    • Under François-Joseph Paul, Marquis de Grasse Tilly, comte de Grasse, the French defeated a British fleet at the Battle of the Chesapeake in 1781, ensuring the success of allied ground forces in the Siege of Yorktown, the last major land battle of the Revolutionary War.
    • In 1780, Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau, was appointed commander-in-chief of the French Expeditionary Force.
    • The comte de Rochambeau served as commander-in-chief of the French Expeditionary Force, which supported the Continental Army.

  • The Seven Years' War: 1754-1763

    • Three prominent French expeditions took place between 1747-1754 under the leadership of Pierre-Joseph Céloron, Charles Michel de Langlade, and Paul Marin de la Malgue, respectively.
    • Governor Robert Dinwiddie of Virginia responded to the French expeditions in 1753 by ordering Major George Washington of the Virginia militia to send a message to the commander of the French forces in the Ohio Country, Jacques Legardeur de Saint-Pierre.
    • In September of 1760, Pierre François de Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil-Cavagnal and the King's Governor of New France, negotiated a surrender with British General Jeffrey Amherst to bring an end to the French and Indian war portion of the Seven Years' War.