Article X

Examples of Article X in the following topics:

• Wilson's Loss at Home

  • They wanted a treaty with reservations, especially on Article X, which involved the power of the League of Nations to make war without a vote by the U.S.

• The Fight for the Treaty

  • They wanted a treaty with reservations, especially on Article X, which involved the power of the League Nations to make war without a vote by the United States Congress.

• The Articles of Confederation

  • The Articles of Confederation were the United States' first governing document, and had many weaknesses.
  • Congress drafted and passed the Articles in November 1777 and the states ratified them in 1781.
  • Outcry for a convention to revise the Articles grew louder.
  • In May 1786, Continental Congress member Charles Pinckney of South Carolina proposed that Congress revise the Articles.
  • While its initial aim was to revise the Articles, it would eventually lead to the drafting of an entirely new Constitution.

• Nationalists of the 1780s

  • Long dissatisfied with the weak Articles of Confederation, nationalists drafted a resolution to form the Annapolis Convention.
  • As the Articles of Confederation could only be amended by unanimous vote of the states, any state had effective veto power over any proposed change .
  • Long dissatisfied with the weak Articles of Confederation, Alexander Hamilton of New York played a major leadership role.
  • The defects that they were to remedy were those barriers that limited trade or commerce between the largely independent states under the Articles of Confederation.
  • The Articles of Confederation were ratified in 1781; the Articles were the governing document of the United States until the Constitution.

• Diplomacy

  • The Articles allowed the Continental Congress to direct the American Revolutionary War and conduct domestic and international diplomacy.
  • The formal ratification of the Articles of Confederation by all 13 states was completed in early 1781.
  • Even when not yet ratified, the Articles provided domestic and international legitimacy for the Continental Congress to direct the American Revolutionary War, conduct diplomacy with Europe, and deal with territorial issues and Indian relations.
  • Examine how the Articles of Confederation supported Congress during the American Revolution

• Financial Chaos and Paper Money

  • Under the Articles of Confederation, the central government's power to regulate financial matters was kept quite limited.
  • Under the Articles of Confederation, the central government's power was kept quite limited: the Confederation Congress could make decisions, but lacked the power to enforce them.
  • Implementation of most decisions, including modifications to the Articles, required unanimous approval of all 13 state legislatures.
  • Under the Articles of Confederation, Congress was denied any powers of taxation and could only request money from the state legislatures.

• Calls for a Stronger Constitution

  • Delegates from Virginia and Maryland met at Mount Vernon to settle issues not addressed in the Articles of Confederation and create a model for interstate cooperation.
  • Its primary aim was to settle issues not addressed under the Articles of Confederation, including interstate cooperation.
  • The conference was significant as a model of interstate cooperation outside of the framework of the relatively weak Articles of Confederation.
  • Its success encouraged James Madison to advocate for further discussion of the limitations of the Articles and the constitutional issues facing the states, including trade and interstate issues and the limited power of Congress.
  • In 1787, the Philadelphia Convention further expanded cooperation to include all states in an effort to reform or replace the Articles of Confederation with a new constitution.

• The Anti-Federalists

  • After the war, a political group that felt that the national government under the Articles was too weak took on the name Federalist for themselves.
  • However, the Federalists prevailed and Anti-Federalist remained the term of choice for all opposed to amending the Articles of Confederation.
  • Some among the opposition believed the central government under the Articles of Confederation was sufficient.
  • During the period of debate over the Constitution's ratification, numerous independent local speeches and articles were published countrywide.
  • Initially, many of the articles in opposition were written under pseudonyms, such as Brutus, Centinel, and Federal Farmer.

• The Final Document

  • The requirement of ratification by nine states, set by Article Seven of the Constitution, was met when New Hampshire voted to ratify on June 21, 1788.
  • Maryland's Luther Martin argued that the federal convention had exceeded its authority; he still called for amending the Articles.
  • Article 13 of the Articles of Confederation stated that the union created under the Articles was "perpetual" and that any alteration must be "agreed to in a Congress of the United States, and be afterwards confirmed by the legislatures of every State".
  • However, the unanimous requirement under the Articles made all attempts at reform impossible.
  • Article VII of the proposed constitution stipulated that only nine of the thirteen states would have to ratify for the new government to go into effect for the participating states.

• The Antecedents of Progressivism

  • The muckrakers of the Progressive era were known for their investigative journalism; however, investigations of corruption and social problems had already been introduced into the newspapers of the late nineteenth century by publishers and journalists during the eras of "personal journalism" and "yellow journalism. " Just as the muckrakers became well known for their crusades, journalists from the eras of personal journalism and yellow journalism had gained fame through their investigative articles, including articles that exposed wrongdoings.
  • Lincoln Steffens titled his first muckraking article, "Tweed Days in St.
  • When articles and accounts of the experience were published in the Tribune, it led to the release of 12 patients who were not mentally ill, a reorganization of the staff and administration of the institution and, eventually, to a change in the lunacy laws.
  • Nellie would go on to write more articles on corrupt politicians, sweat-shop working conditions, and other societal injustices.
  • Wells (1862–1931): an author of a series of articles concerning Jim Crow laws and the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad in 1884, and co-owned the newspaper, The Free Speech, in Memphis in which she began an anti-lynching campaign.