rural flight

Examples of rural flight in the following topics:

• The Process of Urbanization

  • Urbanization is the process of a population shift from rural areas to cities, often motivated by economic factors.
  • Urbanization is the process of a population shift from rural areas to cities.
  • Another term for urbanization is "rural flight. " In modern times, this flight often occurs in a region following the industrialization of agriculture—when fewer people are needed to bring the same amount of agricultural output to market—and related agricultural services and industries are consolidated.
  • Rural flight is exacerbated when the population decline leads to the loss of rural services (such as business enterprises and schools), which leads to greater loss of population as people leave to seek those features.
  • Over time, the world's population has become less rural and more urban.

• Urbanization

  • Percentage of population which is urbanized, by country, as of 2005.As more and more people leave villages and farms to live in cities, urban growth results.The rapid growth of cities like Chicago in the late 19th century and Mumbai a century later can be attributed largely to rural-urban migration and the demographic transition.This kind of growth is especially commonplace in developing countries.
  • The United States and United Kingdom have a far higher urbanization level than China, India, Swaziland or Niger, but a far slower annual urbanization rate, since much less of the population is living in a rural area.
  • People move into cities to seek economic opportunities.A major contributing factor is known as "rural flight".In rural areas, often on small family farms, it is difficult to improve one's standard of living beyond basic sustenance.Farm living is dependent on unpredictable environmental conditions, and in times of drought, flood or pestilence, survival becomes extremely problematic.In modern times, industrialization of agriculture has negatively affected the economy of small and middle-sized farms and strongly reduced the size of the rural labour market.Cities, in contrast, are known to be places where money, services and wealth are centralized.Cities are where fortunes are made and where social mobility is possible.Businesses, which generate jobs and capital, are usually located in urban areas.Whether the source is trade or tourism, it is also through the cities that foreign money flows into a country.Thus, as with immigration generally, there are factors that push people out of rural areas and pull them into urban areas.
  • There are also better basic services as well as other specialist services in urban areas that aren't found in rural areas.
  • Different forms of urbanization can be classified depending on the style of architecture and planning methods as well as historic growth of areas.In cities of the developed world urbanization traditionally exhibited a concentration of human activities and settlements around the downtown area.Recent developments, such as inner-city redevelopment schemes, mean that new arrivals in cities no longer necessarily settle in the centre.In some developed regions, the reverse effect, originally called counter urbanisation has occurred, with cities losing population to rural areas, and is particularly common for richer families.This has been possible because of improved communications and means of transportation, and has been caused by factors such as the fear of crime and poor urban environments.Later termed "white flight", the effect is not restricted to cities with a high ethnic minority population.When the residential area shifts outward, this is called suburbanization.Some research suggests that suburbanization has gone so far to form new points of concentration outside the downtown both in developed and developing countries such as India.

• The Rural Rebound

  • The rural rebound refers to the movement away from cities to rural and suburban areas.
  • Rather than moving to rural areas, most participants in the so-called the rural rebound migrated into new, rapidly growing suburbs.
  • Sociologists have posited many explanations for counterurbanization, but one of the most debated is whether suburbanization is driven by white flight.
  • White flight during this period contributed to urban decay, a process whereby a city, or part of a city, falls into disrepair and decrepitude.
  • White flight contributed to the draining of cities' tax bases when middle-class people left, exacerbating urban decay caused in part by the loss of industrial and manufacturing jobs as they moved into rural areas or overseas where labor was cheaper.

• Shrinking Cities and Counter-Urbanization

  • Counterurbanization is movement away from cities, including suburbanization, exurbanization, or movement to rural areas.
  • Sociologists have posited many explanations for counterurbanization, but one of the most debated known as "white flight. " The term "white flight" was coined in the mid-twentieth century to describe suburbanization and the large-scale migration of whites of various European ancestries from racially mixed urban regions to more racially homogeneous suburban regions.
  • White flight during the post-war period contributed to urban decay, a process whereby a city, or part of a city, falls into disrepair and decrepitude.
  • White flight contributed to the draining of cities' tax bases when middle-class people left.
  • Urban decay was caused in part by the loss of industrial and manufacturing jobs as they moved into rural areas or overseas, where labor was cheaper.

• Urban Decline

  • This process is frequently called white flight, in reference to the fact that the central urban areas usually remain inhabited by minority populations when white populations leave.
  • Given that economic fluctuations have such profound effects on urban development, it makes sense that issues associated with the modern iteration of urban decline began during the Industrial Revolution, the time period in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century when rural people flocked to cities for employment in manufacturing.
  • Historically in the U.S., the white middle class gradually left the cities for suburban areas because of the perceived higher crime rates and dangers caused by African-American migration to northern cities after World War I; this demonstrates so-called white flight.

• Suburbanization

  • Louis is an example of a city that fell into urban decline largely as the result of white flight that led to widespread suburbanization.
  • While white flight was concentrated in the post-WWII era, the effects are still present today.
  • Further, the mid-twentieth century movement of "white flight" significantly contributed to the rise of suburbs in the United States.
  • White flight began in earnest in the United States following World War II and continues, though in less overt ways, today.
  • The effects of white flight are still seen today.

• Social Interaction in Urban Areas

  • Urban social structure differs in significant ways from rural life, which in turn affects the form of social interactions.
  • By contrast, rural dwellers may come into contact with only people who look familiar.
  • To be concrete, an urban dweller may be suspicious of passersby, while a rural dweller may greet them.
  • By contrast, rural dwellers may come into contact with only people who look familiar.
  • To be concrete, an urban dweller may be suspicious of passersby, while a rural dweller may greet them.

• Preindustrial Cities

  • For people during the medieval era, cities offered a newfound freedom from rural obligations.
  • City residence brought freedom from customary rural obligations to lord and community (hence the German saying, "Stadtluft macht frei," which means "City air makes you free").

• Industrial Cities

  • The growth of modern industry from the late 18th century onward led to massive urbanization and the rise of new, great cities, first in Europe, and then in other regions, as new opportunities brought huge numbers of migrants from rural communities into urban areas.
  • The United States provides a good example of how this process unfolded; from 1860 to 1910, the invention of railroads reduced transportation costs and large manufacturing centers began to emerge in the United States, allowing migration from rural to urban areas.

• Neighborhood

  • One factor contributing to neighborhood distinctiveness and social cohesion was the role of rural to urban migration.
  • This was a continual process for preindustrial cities in which migrants tended to move in with relatives and acquaintances from their rural past.