peripheral

Examples of peripheral in the following topics:

• World-Systems Theory

  • Semi-peripheral countries (e.g., South Korea, Taiwan, Mexico, Brazil, India, Nigeria, South Africa) are less developed than core nations but more developed than peripheral nations.
  • They are the buffer between core and peripheral countries.
  • Peripheral countries generally provide labor and materials to core countries.
  • Semiperipheral countries exploit peripheral countries, just as core countries exploit both semiperipheral and peripheral countries.
  • Produce a map of the world that shows some countries as core, peripheral, and semi-peripheral according to Wallerstein's theory

• Global Inequality

  • The world economy is a system divided into a hierarchy of three types of countries: core, semiperipheral, and peripheral.
  • Semiperipheral countries (e.g., South Korea, Taiwan, Mexico, Brazil, India, Nigeria, South Africa) are less developed than core nations but are more developed than peripheral nations.
  • Peripheral countries (e.g., most African countries and low income countries in South America) are dependent on core countries for capital, and have very little industrialization and urbanization.
  • Semiperipheral countries exploit peripheral countries, just as core countries exploit both semiperipheral and peripheral countries.
  • The wealthy in peripheral countries benefit from the labor of poor workers and from their own economic relations with core country capitalists.

• Colonialism and Neocolonialism

  • The United States is an example of a core country, with immense capital and relatively high wage labor; Mexico is a semiperipheral country, where the economy has grown rapidly and there is significant technology manufacturing, but where most capital still comes from foreign nations; Liberia is an example of a peripheral country, where virtually all investment is foreign and many wage laborers earn less than $1/day.
  • In this theory, the world economic system is divided into a hierarchy of three types of countries: core, semiperipheral, and peripheral.
  • Peripheral countries (e.g., most African countries and low income countries in South America) are dependent on core countries for capital, and have very little industrialization and urbanization.
  • Peripheral countries are usually agrarian and have low literacy rates and lack Internet connection in many areas.
  • Semiperipheral countries (e.g., South Korea, Taiwan, Mexico, Brazil, India, Nigeria, South Africa) are less developed than core nations but are more developed than peripheral nations.

• Two-mode core-periphery analysis

  • A considerable number of issues are also grouped as "peripheral" in the sense that they attract few donors, and these donors have little in common.
  • We also see (upper right) that core actors do participate to some degree (.179) in peripheral issues.
  • In the lower left, we see that peripheral actors participate somewhat more heavily (.260) in core issues.

• Stratification

  • In this model nations are divided into core, semiperipheral, and peripheral countries.
  • South Korea, Taiwan, Mexico, Brazil, India, Nigeria, and South Africa) are less developed than core nations but are more developed than peripheral nations.
  • Peripheral countries (e.g.

• Urban Decline

  • In many countries outside of the West, urban decline manifests as peripheral slums at the outskirts of cities.
  • That being said, urban decline results from some combination of socioeconomic decisions, such as the city's urban planning decisions, the poverty of the local populace, the construction of urban infrastructure (such as freeways, roads, and other elements of transportation), and the depopulation of peripheral lands by suburbanization.

• Least Industrialized Countries

  • Modern sociologists are more likely to describe the world's least industrialized nations as "peripheral," referring to their marginalized position in the world economy.
  • Least industrialized nations are at the bottom of a stratified global economic order, and play only a peripheral role in the international economy .

• Eigenvector of geodesic distances

  • Higher scores indicate that actors are "more central" to the main pattern of distances among all of the actors, lower values indicate that actors are more peripheral.
  • The results are very similar to those for our earlier analysis of closeness centrality, with actors #7, #5, and #2 being most central, and actor #6 being most peripheral.

• New State Spaces

  • Some of these cities are absolutely central to the operation of the global economic system, and some are more peripheral.

• An example: Knoke's information exchange

  • There appear to be groups of actors who differ in this regard (2, 5, and 7 seem to be in the center of the action, 6, 9, and 10 seem to be more peripheral).