trace

Examples of trace in the following topics:

• Introduction to Memory Storage

  • The multi-trace distributed memory model suggests that the memories being encoded are converted to vectors (lists of values), with each value or "feature" in the vector representing a different attribute of the item to be encoded.
  • These vectors are called memory traces.
  • The memory matrix is constantly growing, with new traces being added in.
  • The multi-trace model has two key limitations: the notion of an ever-growing matrix within human memory sounds implausible, and the idea of computational searches for specific memories among millions of traces that would be present within the memory matrix sounds far beyond the scope of the human-recalling process.
  • The neural network model is the ideal model in this case, as it overcomes the limitations posed by the multi-trace model and maintains the useful features of the model as well.

• Types of Forgetting

  • There are several theories that address why we forget memories and information over time, including trace decay theory, interference theory, and cue-dependent forgetting.
  • The trace decay theory of forgetting states that all memories fade automatically as a function of time.
  • Under this theory, you need to follow a certain pathway, or trace, to recall a memory.
  • But disuse of a trace will lead to memory decay, which will ultimately cause retrieval failure.
  • Trace decay, interference, and lack of cues are not the only ways that memories can fail to be retrieved.

• Neural Correlates of Memory Storage

  • Memory traces, or engrams, are the physical neural changes associated with memory storage.

• Short-Term and Working Memory

  • It consists of two parts: a short-term phonological store with auditory memory traces that are subject to rapid decay, and an articulatory loop that can revive these memory traces.

• Biopsychology

  • The emergence of both psychology and behavioral neuroscience as legitimate sciences can be traced to the emergence of physiology during the 18th and 19th centuries; however, it was not until 1914 that the term "psychobiology" was first used in its modern sense by Knight Dunlap in An Outline of Psychobiology.

• Studying the Brain

  • Trace the history of brain science in the field of psychology

• Genetic and Environmental Impacts on Intelligence

  • Some traits, like eye color, are highly heritable and can be easily traced.
  • Intelligence is generally considered to be even more complicated to trace to one source because it is a polygenic trait, influenced by many interacting genes.

• Psychodynamic Psychology

  • The history of the term can be traced to ancient Greece, where the idea emerged that a woman's uterus could float around her body and cause a variety of disturbances.

• Describing Consciousness

• Neo-Freudian Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality

  • One of Jung's major contributions was his idea of the collective unconscious, which he deemed a "universal" version of Freud's personal unconscious, holding mental patterns, or memory traces, that are common to all of us (Jung, 1928).