spirituality

Examples of spirituality in the following topics:

• The Value of Spirituality and Faith in Managing Stress

  • Spirituality and faith practices can improve skills for coping with stress and raise levels of happiness and general well-being.
  • Spirituality can be thought of as the search for the sacred or that which is set apart from the ordinary.
  • The practice of spirituality involves veneration of something ethereal and outside of the self.
  • Faith is trust or confidence in a doctrine, or holding a specific personal or spiritual belief.
  • Spirituality is often practiced in groups that allow for social support and reaffirming contact with others.

• Defining Sex, Gender, and Sexuality

  • These may manifest themselves in biological, physical, emotional, social, or spiritual aspects.
  • Social aspects deal with the effects of human society on one's sexuality, while spirituality concerns an individual's spiritual connection with others through sexuality.

• Theories of Multiple Intelligence

• A History of Theories of Consciousness

  • First appearing in the historical records of the ancient Mayan and Incan civilizations, various theories of multiple levels of consciousness have pervaded spiritual, psychological, medical, and moral speculations in both Eastern and Western cultures.
  • Developmental psychologists view consciousness not as a single entity, but as a developmental process with potential higher stages of cognitive, moral, and spiritual quality.

• Comparative Psychology

  • Darwin's theory led to several hypotheses, one being that the factors that set humans apart—such as higher mental, moral, and spiritual faculties—could be accounted for by evolutionary principles.

• Socioemotional Development in Late Adulthood

  • For example, research suggests that people with religious or spiritual beliefs are better able to cope with death because of their belief in an afterlife and because of social support from religious or spiritual associations (Hood, Spilka, Hunsberger, & Corsuch, 1996; McIntosh, Silver, & Wortman, 1993; Paloutzian, 1996; Samarel, 1991; Wortman & Park, 2008).

• Cultural and Societal Influences on Adolescent Development

  • These belief systems encompass everything from religion and spirituality to gender, sexuality, work ethics, and politics.

• Describing Consciousness

  • Issues of interest include phenomena such as perception, subliminal perception, blindsight, anosognosia, brainwaves during sleep, and altered states of consciousness produced by psychoactive drugs or spiritual or meditative techniques.

• Hallucinogens

  • They are mainly used as recreational drugs, whose effects include euphoria, altered thinking processes, closed- and open-eye visuals, synesthesia, an altered sense of time, and spiritual experiences.

• Influences of Culture and Gender in Psychotherapy

  • In some cultures, for example, hallucinations are considered a form of spiritual communication; those who experience hallucinations are respected or even revered, rather than labeled "crazy."